After the neutrosophic set (NS) was proposed, NS was used in many uncertainty problems. The single-valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) is a special case of NS that can be used to solve real-word problems. This paper mainly studies multigranulation neutrosophic rough sets (MNRSs) and their applications in multi-attribute group decision-making.

Multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) is a part of management decision-making and an important branch of the modern decision theory and method. MADM focuses on the decision problem of discrete and finite decision schemes. Uncertain MADM is an extension and development of classical multi-attribute decision making theory. When the attribute value of MADM is shown by neutrosophic number, that is, the attribute value is complex data and needs three values to express, it is called the MADM problem in which the attribute values are neutrosophic numbers. However, in practical MADM problems, to minimize errors in individual decision making, we need to consider the ideas of many people and synthesize their opinions.

It is an interesting direction to study rough sets from a multi-granularity perspective. In rough set theory, the multi-particle structure was represented by a binary relation. This paper considers a new neutrosophic rough set model, multi-granulation neutrosophic rough set (MGNRS). First, the concept of MGNRS on a single domain and dual domains was proposed. Then, their properties and operators were considered. We obtained that MGNRS on dual domains will degenerate into MGNRS on a single domain when the two domains are the same. Finally, a kind of special multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problem was solved based on MGNRS on dual domains, and an example was given to show its feasibility.

In this paper, three types of (philosophical, optimistic and pessimistic) multigranulation single valued neutrosophic (SVN) covering-based rough set models are presented, and these three models are applied to the problem of multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM).

To handle indeterminate and incomplete data, neutrosophic logic/set/probability were established. The neutrosophic truth, falsehood and indeterminacy components exhibit symmetry as the truth and the falsehood look the same and behave in a symmetrical way with respect to the indeterminacy component which serves as a line of the symmetry. Soft set is a generic mathematical tool for dealing with uncertainty. Rough set is a new mathematical tool for dealing with vague, imprecise, inconsistent and uncertain knowledge in information systems. This paper introduces a new rough set model based on neutrosophic soft set to exploit simultaneously the advantages of rough sets and neutrosophic soft sets in order to handle all types of uncertainty in data. The ideaof neutrosophic right neighborhood is utilised to define the concepts of neutrosophic soft rough (NSR) lower and upper approximations. Properties of suggested approximations are proposed and subsequently proven. Some of the NSR set concepts such as NSR-definability, NSR-relations and NSR-membership functions are suggested and illustrated with examples. Further, we demonstrate the feasibility of the newly rough set model with decision making problems involving neutrosophic soft set. Finally, a discussion on the features and limitations of the proposed model is provided.

This book contains 37 papers by 73 renowned experts from 13 countries around the world, on following topics: neutrosophic set; neutrosophic rings; neutrosophic quadruple rings; idempotents; neutrosophic extended triplet group; hypergroup; semihypergroup; neutrosophic extended triplet group; neutrosophic extended triplet semihypergroup and hypergroup; neutrosophic offset; uninorm; neutrosophic offuninorm and offnorm; neutrosophic offconorm; implicator; prospector; n-person cooperative game; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic (co)topology; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic subspace; α-level; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic neighborhood system; ordinary single-valued neutrosophic base and subbase; fuzzy numbers; neutrosophic numbers; neutrosophic symmetric scenarios; performance indicators; financial assets; neutrosophic extended triplet group; neutrosophic quadruple numbers; refined neutrosophic numbers; refined neutrosophic quadruple numbers; multigranulation neutrosophic rough set; nondual; two universes; multiattribute group decision making; nonstandard analysis; extended nonstandard analysis; monad; binad; left monad closed to the right; right monad closed to the left; pierced binad; unpierced binad; nonstandard neutrosophic mobinad set; neutrosophic topology; nonstandard neutrosophic topology; visual tracking; neutrosophic weight; objectness; weighted multiple instance learning; neutrosophic triangular norms; residuated lattices; representable neutrosophic t-norms; De Morgan neutrosophic triples; neutrosophic residual implications; infinitely ∨-distributive; probabilistic neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set; decision-making; Choquet integral; e-marketing; Internet of Things; neutrosophic set; multicriteria decision making techniques; uncertainty modeling; neutrosophic goal programming approach; shale gas water management system.

In the present paper, we will provide the lattice structure of the pessimistic multigranulation neutrosophic rough approximation operators. In particular, in the one-dimensional case, for special neutrosophic relations, the completely lattice isomorphic relationship between upper neutrosophic rough approximation operators and lower neutrosophic rough approximation operators is proved.