Since 1995, the noncontact atomic force microscope (NC-AFM) has achieved remarkable progress. Based on nanomechanical methods, the NC-AFM detects the weak attractive force between the tip of a cantilever and a sample surface. This method has the following characteristics: it has true atomic resolution; it can measure atomic force interactions, i.e. it can be used in so-called atomic force spectroscopy (AFS); it can also be used to study insulators; and it can measure mechanical responses such as elastic deformation. This is the first book that deals with all of the emerging NC-AFM issues.

This book (1) discusses federal constitutional law and North Carolina statutory law that affect the authority to arrest, search, obtain confessions, and conduct lineups; (2) explains how to prepare and execute search warrants, nontestimonial identification orders, and administrative inspection warrants; and (3) discusses rules of evidence in criminal trials. It contains summaries of appellate cases on arrest, search and seizure, confessions, lineups, etc. Designed for new and experienced law enforcement officers and lawyers, this edition also includes an index. The text is current with statutory law and case law through December 2002.