The objective of this research was to review the e

Narrative water quality criteria are an integral component of States water quality standards but they pose special problems when incorporated into the TMDL process. The TMDL process is typically a quantitative activity, defining numeric allowable loads necessary to meet a numeric water quality objective. Narrative criteria confound development of quantitative TMDLs, due to the absence of these numeric criteria. The objective of this research was to improve the methods for addressing narrative water quality criteria in the TMDL process. The problems associated with narrative criteria in the TMDL process are known in general terms but, prior to this research, there has not been a thorough review of the use of narrative criteria in TMDLs nor broad guidance on how to address narrative criteria in the TMDL process. The approach taken for this research was to define the range of problems associated with all types of narrative criteria by means of a comprehensive review of 120 narrative TMDLs, and provide guiding principles to help address these problems.

This report offers recommendations for improving the listing and delisting process emerging from surveys of 8 states and review/discussion with other selected states. The report evaluates alternatives and options for reducing uncertainty in each of the four major listing-delisting elements, including WQS (designated uses and water quality criteria), water quality data acquisition, comparative methodology, list content and format. Based on these state surveys, reviews of the FACA Committee, NRC Subcommittee on TMDLs and Water Quality Management, and Project Team experience, the report proposes a set of minimum activities, a number of alternatives and options, and a comprehensive approach for reducing uncertainty in the listing and delisting process.