Multiscale Simulations and Mechanics of Biological Materials A compilation of recent developments in multiscale simulation and computational biomaterials written by leading specialists in the field Presenting the latest developments in multiscale mechanics and multiscale simulations, and offering a unique viewpoint on multiscale modelling of biological materials, this book outlines the latest developments in computational biological materials from atomistic and molecular scale simulation on DNA, proteins, and nano-particles, to meoscale soft matter modelling of cells, and to macroscale soft tissue and blood vessel, and bone simulations. Traditionally, computational biomaterials researchers come from biological chemistry and biomedical engineering, so this is probably the first edited book to present work from these talented computational mechanics researchers. The book has been written to honor Professor Wing Liu of Northwestern University, USA, who has made pioneering contributions in multiscale simulation and computational biomaterial in specific simulation of drag delivery at atomistic and molecular scale and computational cardiovascular fluid mechanics via immersed finite element method. Key features: Offers a unique interdisciplinary approach to multiscale biomaterial modelling aimed at both accessible introductory and advanced levels Presents a breadth of computational approaches for modelling biological materials across multiple length scales (molecular to whole-tissue scale), including solid and fluid based approaches A companion website for supplementary materials plus links to contributors’ websites (www.wiley.com/go/li/multiscale)

Multiscale mechanics of hierarchical materials plays a crucial role in understanding and engineering biological and bioinspired materials and systems. The mechanical science of hierarchical tissues and cells in biological systems has recently emerged as an exciting area of research and provides enormous opportunities for innovative basic research and technological advancement. Such advances could enable us to provide engineered materials and structure with properties that resemble those of biological systems, in particular the ability to self-assemble, to self-repair, to adapt and evolve, and to provide multiple functions that can be controlled through external cues. This book presents material from leading researchers in the field of mechanical sciences of biological materials and structure, with the aim to introduce methods and applications to a wider range of engineers.

Ubiquitous and fundamental in cell mechanics, multiscale problems can arise in the growth of tumors, embryogenesis, tissue engineering, and more. Cell Mechanics: From Single Scale-Based Models to Multiscale Modeling brings together new insight and research on mechanical, mathematical, physical, and biological approaches for simulating the behavior

Multiscale Biomechanical Modeling of the Brain discusses the constitutive modeling of the brain at various length scales (nanoscale, microscale, mesoscale, macroscale and structural scale). In each scale, the book describes the state-of-the- experimental and computational tools used to quantify critical deformational information at each length scale. Then, at the structural scale, several user-based constitutive material models are presented, along with real-world boundary value problems. Lastly, design and optimization concepts are presented for use in occupant-centric design frameworks. This book is useful for both academia and industry applications that cover basic science aspects or applied research in head and brain protection. The multiscale approach to this topic is unique, and not found in other books. It includes meticulously selected materials that aim to connect the mechanistic analysis of the brain tissue at size scales ranging from subcellular to organ levels. Presents concepts in a theoretical and thermodynamic framework for each length scale Teaches readers not only how to use an existing multiscale model for each brain but also how to develop a new multiscale model Takes an integrated experimental-computational approach and gives structured multiscale coverage of the problems

Most problems in science involve many scales in time and space. An example is turbulent ?ow where the important large scale quantities of lift and drag of a wing depend on the behavior of the small vortices in the boundarylayer. Another example is chemical reactions with concentrations of the species varying over seconds and hours while the time scale of the oscillations of the chemical bonds is of the order of femtoseconds. A third example from structural mechanics is the stress and strain in a solid beam which is well described by macroscopic equations but at the tip of a crack modeling details on a microscale are needed. A common dif?culty with the simulation of these problems and many others in physics, chemistry and biology is that an attempt to represent all scales will lead to an enormous computational problem with unacceptably long computation times and large memory requirements. On the other hand, if the discretization at a coarse level ignoresthe?nescale informationthenthesolutionwillnotbephysicallymeaningful. The in?uence of the ?ne scales must be incorporated into the model. This volume is the result of a Summer School on Multiscale Modeling and S- ulation in Science held at Boso ¤n, Lidingo ¤ outside Stockholm, Sweden, in June 2007. Sixty PhD students from applied mathematics, the sciences and engineering parti- pated in the summer school.

This book covers the latest research work done in the area of interface mechanics of collagen and chitin-based biomaterials along with various techniques that can be used to understand mechanics of biological systems and materials. Topics covered include Raman spectroscopy of biological systems, scale dependence of the mechanical properties and microstructure of crustaceans thin films as biomimetic materials, as well as the role of molecular-level modeling. The use of nanomechanics to investigate interface thermomechanics of collagen and chitin-based biomaterials is also covered in detail. This book also: • Details spectroscope experiments as well as nanomechanic experiments • Reviews exhaustively phenomenological models and Raman spectroscopy of biological systems • Covers the latest in multiscaling for molecular models to predict lab-scale sample properties and investigates interface thermomechanics

Martin Oliver Steinhauser deals with several aspects of multiscale materials modeling and simulation in applied materials research and fundamental science. He covers various multiscale modeling approaches for high-performance ceramics, biological bilayer membranes, semi-flexible polymers, and human cancer cells. He demonstrates that the physics of shock waves, i.e., the investigation of material behavior at high strain rates and of material failure, has grown to become an important interdisciplinary field of research on its own. At the same time, progress in computer hardware and software development has boosted new ideas in multiscale modeling and simulation. Hence, bridging the length and time scales in a theoretical-numerical description of materials has become a prime challenge in science and technology.