The book is dedicated to multi-objective methods in decision making. The first part which is devoted to theoretical aspects, covers a broad range of multi-objective methods such as multiple linear programming, vector optimisation, fuzzy goal programming, data envelopment analysis, game theory, and dynamic programming. The reader who is interested in practical applications, will find in the remaining parts a variety of approaches applied in numerous fields including production planning, logistics, marketing, and finance.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Multi-Objective Programming and Goal Programming: Theory & Appli cations (MOPGP'02) held in Nara, Japan on June 4-7, 2002. Eighty-two people from 16 countries attended the conference and 78 papers (including 9 plenary talks) were presented. MOPGP is an international conference within which researchers and prac titioners can meet and learn from each other about the recent development in multi-objective programming and goal programming. The participants are from different disciplines such as Optimization, Operations Research, Math ematical Programming and Multi-Criteria Decision Aid, whose common in terest is in multi-objective analysis. The first MOPGP Conference was held at Portsmouth, United Kingdom, in 1994. The subsequent conferenes were held at Torremolinos, Spain in 1996, at Quebec City, Canada in 1998, and at Katowice, Poland in 2000. The fifth conference was held at Nara, which was the capital of Japan for more than seventy years in the eighth century. During this Nara period the basis of Japanese society, or culture established itself. Nara is a beautiful place and has a number of historic monuments in the World Heritage List. The members of the International Committee of MOPGP'02 were Dylan Jones, Pekka Korhonen, Carlos Romero, Ralph Steuer and Mehrdad Tamiz.

Goal Programming (GP) is perhaps the oldest and most widely used approach within the Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) paradigm. GP combines the logic of optimisation in mathematical programming with the decision maker's desire to satisfy several goals. The primary purpose of this book is to identify the critical issues in GP and to demonstrate different procedures capable of avoiding or mitigating the inherent pitfalls associated with these issues. The outcome of a search of the literature shows many instances where GP models produced misleading or even erroneous results simply because of a careless formulation of the problem. Rather than being in itself a textbook, Critical Issues in Goal Programming is designed to complement existing textbooks. It will be useful to students and researchers with a basic knowledge of GP as well as to those interested in building GP models which analyse real decision problems.

Most real-life problems involve making decisions to optimally achieve a number of criteria while satisfying some hard or soft constraints. In this book several methods for solving such problems are presented by the leading experts in the area. The book also contains a number of very interesting application papers which demonstrate theoretical modelling, analysing and solution of real-life problems.

This book gives the reader an insight into the state of the art in the field of multiobjective (linear, nonlinear and combinatorial) programming, goal programming and multiobjective metaheuristics. The 26 papers describe all relevant trends in this fields of research . They cover a wide range of topics ranging from theoretical investigations to algorithms, dealing with uncertainty, and applications to real world problems such as engineering design, water distribution systems and portfolio selection. The book is based on the papers of the seventh international conference on multiple objective programming and goal programming (MOPGP06).

Goal Programming Applications in Accounting 74 Goal Programming Applications in Agriculture 76 Goal Programming Applications in Economics 78 Goal Programming Applications in Engineering 79 Goal Programming Applications in Finance 80 Goal Programming Applications in Government 83 Goal Programming Applications in an International Context 88 Goal Programming Applications in Management 90 Goal Programming Applications in Marketing 97 Summary 98 CHAPTER 5. FUTURE TRENDS IN GOAL PROORAMMING 101 GP is Positioned for Growth 101 Shifting the Life Cycle of GP Research to Growth 103 Summary 107 Reference 108 APPENDIX A TEXTBOOKS, READINGS BOOKS AND MONOORAPHS ON GOAL PROORAMMING 109 APPENDIX B. JOURNAL RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS ON GOAL PROORAMMING 113 INDEX 213 viii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1. Summary Relationship of GP with MS/OR and MCDM Figure 1-2. Frequency Distribution for GP Journal Publications Figure 1-3. Life Cycle ofGP Research Figure 2-1. Set of GP Efficient Solutions Figure 5-1. Life Cycle of GP Research ix LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1. MS/OR Topics and Their Related GP Topics Table 1-2. MCDM Subareas and Their Related GP Topics Table 1-3. Frequency Listing ofGP Journal Publications and Book Titles Table 2-1. Solutions for a Dominated GP Problem Table 2-2. Conversion ofLP Constraints to Goal Constraints Table 2-3. GP Citations on Dominance, Inferiority and Inefficiency Table 2-4. GP Citations on Relative Weighting, Prioritization and Incommensurability Table 2-5. MS/OR Topics and Their Related GP Topics Table 3-1. Citations on WeightedlPreemptive GP Methodology Table 3-2. Citations on Pure/Mixed Integer GP Methodology Table 3-3.