Extract: Multiple-frame surveys are susceptible to errors that stem from associating the over-lapping portions of the frames. Decreasing sampling error may improve precision, but it offers greater complications; nonsampling error would increase, leading to decreased accuracy and, perhaps, greater total error. This manuscript offers several procedures to improve consistency and accuracy of multiple-frame estimating by reducing nonsampling errors. Such procedures, when added to an optimum mix of sampling frames, would provide survey indications of greater reliability without increasing costs appreciably.

Extract: Multiple-frame surveys are susceptible to errors that stem from associating the over-lapping portions of the frames. Decreasing sampling error may improve precision, but it offers greater complications; nonsampling error would increase, leading to decreased accuracy and, perhaps, greater total error. This manuscript offers several procedures to improve consistency and accuracy of multiple-frame estimating by reducing nonsampling errors. Such procedures, when added to an optimum mix of sampling frames, would provide survey indications of greater reliability without increasing costs appreciably.

Presents the survey methodologies of area and multiple frame agricultural survey programs currently used in a wide range of countries.