In many Muhammadiyah forums, oftentimes, people questioned the nature, content, essence, and importance of Muhammadiyah ideology. If one understood Islam, would be automatically understand the ideology of Muhammdiyah? What were differences of ideologies of Muhammadiyah and the ideology of other Islamic movement? What were the official thoughts that were included in Muhammadiyah ideology? What was the relations between one official thought to another thought in Muhammadiyah such as between the Preface and the Faith Pledge and Aspirations of Muhammadiyah Life, and Basic Strategies of Muhammadiyah? Why and what for did Muhammadiyah formulate the ideas of its ideology in its movement? Was revitalization or the strengthening of Muhammadiyah ideology in the organizational environment needed and what were the steps to do understand Muhammadiyah ideology according to the official thoughts in Islamic movement.

Basically, Muhammadiyah is a reform movement. The movement of Tadjid fil-Islam. The most profound essence of the Islamic movement established by Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan is the flame of reform/renewal. This characteristic is more prominent than other characteristics. Theology, ideology, and action model of Muhammadiyah are renewal leading to Islamic modernism or reformism. Those reform endeavors are actualized to break the stagnation of ummah by fostering a progressive Islamic teachings. In addition, Muhammadiyah has pioneered the system of modern Islamic education, health, and social services, community empowerment through Al-Ma'un movement, women's movement in the public through 'Aisyiyah, and reform works which revive the advancement of Islamic world and modernization of civil life. This reform is departed from the theme of al-ruju ila al-Qur'an wa al-Sunnah, namely a return to the Qur'an and the Prophet's Sunnah. The endeavours of purification of Islam to pursue the authentic teachings, as well as to establish a progressive Islam. Despite it frequently assumed to be ad-hoc, the span of twentieth century Muhammadiyah reform is a breakthrough. In the advance, directly and indirectly, it has been a state of mind for the majority of Muslim in Indonesia, including the previous oppositions.

This is an open access book. We cordially invite you to submit your papers for the International Conference on Islamic and Muhammadiyah Studies (ICIMS) 2023, This conference is part of a conference program called International Summit on Science Technology and Humanity (ISETH) 2022 Organized by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. This conference will be hosted online from Surakarta, Indonesia on 11–12 January 2023.

Previous ed.: Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1983.