DES CATALYSEURS MODELES A BASE DE COBALT ONT ETE ETUDIES EN UTILISANT DES TECHNIQUES MODERNES DE CARACTERISATION QUI PERMETTENT UNE DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE DE LA STRUCTURE ET DE L'ETAT DE SURFACE DES CATALYSEURS HETEROGENES. L'OBJECTIF DE CE TRAVAIL ETAIT DE PERFECTIONNER LES OUTILS DE CARACTERISATION IN SITU (DIFFRACTION DES RAYONS X ET INFRAROUGE) POUR DECRIRE LA PHASE ACTIVE, COMPRENDRE LE PROCESSUS CATALYTIQUE POUR AMELIORER LE PROCEDE FISCHER-TROPSCH DE CONVERSION CHIMIQUE DU GAZ NATUREL. LA CARACTERISATION DE CATALYSEURS SOUS FLUX REACTIONNEL A NECESSITE LE DEVELOPPEMENT DE DISPOSITIFS EXPERIMENTAUX SPECIFIQUES AVEC NOTAMMENT LA CONCEPTION D'UN MICRO REACTEUR DE CATALYSE. L'EFFET DE LA PRESENCE D'UN PROMOTEUR TEL QUE LE RUTHENIUM A ETE ETUDIE. LE PROCESSUS D'IMPREGNATION (IMPREGNATION AQUEUSE DES SYSTEMES PASSIVES) ACCROIT LES INTERACTIONS COBALT-SUPPORT MAIS LA PRESENCE DE RUTHENIUM PERMET DE LIMITER CET EFFET. LES INTERACTIONS ENTRE L'OXYDE DE COBALT CO 3O 4 ET LE SUPPORT JOUENT UN ROLE PREPONDERANT. ELLES GOUVERNENT LA REDUCTIBILITE DU CATALYSEUR, DETERMINENT LA STRUCTURE DE LA PHASE ACTIVE ET LA REACTIVITE DES SYSTEMES. NOS RESULTATS DEMONTRENT UNE CORRELATION ETROITE ENTRE LES MODIFICATIONS STRUCTURALES OBSERVEES ET LA REACTIVITE DES SYSTEMES ETUDIES. LE COBALT METALLIQUE PEUT REAGIR AVEC LE CO POUR FORMER UN CARBURE CO 2C DANS DES CONDITIONS REACTIONNELLES PROCHES DE CELLES EXISTANTES POUR LA SYNTHESE FISCHER-TROPSCH. LA FORMATION DE CE CARBURE SEMBLE ETRE RELIEE A LA DESACTIVATION DU SYSTEME. UN SCHEMA D'EVOLUTION DE LA PHASE DU COBALT AU COURS DE LA REACTION FAISANT INTERVENIR UN CARBONE INTERSTITIEL A PU ETRE ETABLI ET A PERMIS D'OPTIMISER LE PROCESSUS D'ACTIVATION DU CATALYSEUR. CETTE ETUDE A PERMIS D'ETABLIR DES CORRELATIONS FIABLES ENTRE LES PROPRIETES CHIMIQUES ET LA STRUCTURE DE CES SOLIDES ET DEMONTRE L'APPORT DES METHODES DE CARACTERISATION IN SITU DANS LA DESCRIPTION DE SOLIDES EN CONTACT AVEC DIFFERENTS MELANGES REACTIONNELS.

In recent years the need for sustainable process design and alternative reaction routes to reduce industry?s impact on the environment has gained vital importance. The book begins with a general overview of new trends in designing industrial chemical processes which are environmentally friendly and economically feasible. Specific examples written by experts from industry cover the possibilities of running industrial chemical processes in a sustainable manner and provide an up-to-date insight into the main concerns, e.g., the use of renewable raw materials, the use of alternative energy sources in chemical processes, the design of intrinsically safe processes, microreactor and integrated reaction/ separation technologies, process intensification, waste reduction, new catalytic routes and/or solvent and process optimization.

This book makes available, for interested scientists to procure, absorb, and evaluate, the vast body of information on the research and results of the work on the chemistry of penicillin done in England and the United States during the war. The National Academy of Sciences arranged for the preparation of this summary, Dr. H. T. Clarke and Dr. J. R. Johnson representing the United States on the editorial board, and Sir Robert Robinson representing Britain. The body of the work was prepared by more than 60 outstanding biochemists and biophysicists, who describe the phases of research to which they contributed the most. The work of 23 academic, medical, industrial, and government laboratories is reported. Originally published in 1949. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

This book presents an introduction to the preparation and characterisation of nanomaterials and their design for specific catalytic applications.

The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science.The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics.Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned.Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students