Are self-interested elites the curse of liberal democracy in Africa? Is there hope against the politics of the belly, kleptocracies, vampire states, failed states, and Afro-pessimism? In Reasonable Radicals and Citizenship in Botswana, Richard Werbner examines a rare breed of powerful political elites who are not tyrants, torturers, or thieves. Werbner's focus is on the Kalanga, a minority ethnic group that has served Botswana in business and government since independence. Kalanga elites have expanded public services, advocated causes for the public good, founded organizations to build the public sphere and civil society, and forged partnerships and alliances with other ethnic groups in Botswana. Gathering evidence from presidential commissions, land tribunals, landmark court cases, and his lifetime relationship with key Kalanga elites, Werbner shows how a critical press, cosmopolitanism, entrepreneurship, accountability, and the values of patriarchy and elderhood make for an open society with strong, capable government. Werbner's work provides a refreshing alternative to those who envision no future for Africa beyond persistent agony and lack of development.

Saugestad examines the relationship between the government of Botswana and its indigenous minority, variously known as Bushmen, San, Basarwa, or more recently Noakwe.

Natural resource development projects such as logging and dams, oil and mineral extraction and large-scale agriculture have been successful in generating vast revenues across the globe. But at what cost to minorities and indigenous peoples?In its flagship annual publication, State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples 2012, MRG documents hundreds of case studies about marginalized groups who have been adversely affected by exploitation of the resources found on, or under, their ancestral lands. It also considers land rights around the world.

Six popular high school American history textbooks are examined to address accusations of overcompensation by textbook publishers as a result of the raised ethnic consciousness of the 1970s. The textbooks are: "Our American Heritage" (Silver Burdett); "The Pageant of American History" (Allyn and Bacon); "A History of Our American Republic" (Laidlaw Brothers); "People and Our Country" (Holt, Rinehart and Winston); "These United States" (Houghton Mifflin); and "Rise of the American Nation" (Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich). Investigated are how the new textbooks deal with American diversity and whether or not so much attention is given to ethnic groups that the main lines of American history are distorted. Arranged into six chapters, textbooks are evaluated for: (1) similarities in content and format; (2) proportion of space devoted to ethnic groups; (3) treatment of pre-colonial and colonial ethnic groups; (4) treatment of ethnic groups during the American territorial expansion period; (5) treatment of 20th century ethnic minorities; and (6) a discussion of new civic morality which focuses on respect and justice for disadvantaged minorities and creation of a successful multi-ethnic society. The book concludes that familiar outlines of American history development are somewhat reduced and the overall tone of the new texts replaces the old myths of racial inferiority with new myths proclaiming the superior moral qualities of minorities. Two data tables are provided illustrating the numbers and percentages of pages and pictures devoted to ethnic groups. (LH)

Botswana's democracy is often considered to be a comparatively advanced and positive example of an African state in terms of political culture and the notion of 'good governance'. This paper challenges the assumption that the country's current political and socio-economic system is, in fact, exemplary. It highlights some of the limitations by focusing on the particular situation of the Bushmen/San as a marginalized minority denied citizens' rights and losing out against the material interests accompanying the exploration and exploitation of diamonds, the most lucrative natural resource contributing to Botswana's 'success story'.The author has on previous occasions presented and published related analyses within the research network on 'Liberation and Democracy in Southern Africa' (LiDeSA), which is currently coordinated through the Nordic Africa Institute. This publication is another result of the collaboration within this project.

The development of Tswana 'merafe' (kingdoms) and the arrival of Christianity and colonialism -- Tswana consolidation within the colonial State: development of a postcolonial State embryo -- Cattle, diamonds and the "grand coalition"--The State and indigenous authority structures : ambiguities of co-optation and confrontation -- Tswana domination, minority protests and the discourse of development -- Anti-politics and questions of democracy and domination -- Governmentalization of the State: on State interventions in the population -- Escalating inequality: popular reactions to political leaders.