This book is the outgrowth of the COMETT II Course on Advanced Instru mentation, Data Interpretation, and Control of Biotechnological Processes organized by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the Universiteit Gent, and held at Gent, Belgium, October 1994. The editors of the present volume were very fortunate to find all invited speakers prepared to write state-of-the-art expositions based on their lec tures. Special thanks are due to all of them. The result is an account of recent advances in instrumentation, data interpretation, and model based op timization and control of bioprocesses. For anyone interested in this emerg ing field, this text is of value and provides comprehensive reviews as well as new and important trends and directions for the future, motivated and illustrated by a wealth of applications. The typesetting of all this material represented a tremendous amount of work. I am most grateful to my wife, Myriam Uyttendaele, and to Kurt Gheys, who did most of the proof-reading. Their efforts have increased a lot the uniformity in style and presentation of the different manuscripts. Many thanks also to the co-editors, for their continued support. Kluwer Academic Publishers is gratefully acknowledged for publishing this book, thus contributing to the transfer of the latest research results into large scale industrial applications.

Proceedings of the European Control Conference 1993, Groningen, Netherlands, June 28 – July 1, 1993

Paperback. The 3rd IFAC/IFIP Workshop on Algorithms and Architectures for Real-Time Control is concerned with new architectural software and hardware aspects for real-time control. This, the latest in the series, investigates the state of the art and present new research and application results in software and hardware for real-time control. The workshop brings together leading engineers and computer scientists who are researchers, developers and practitioners, both from the academic and industrial world, to discuss recent developments.

Environmental quality is becoming an increasing concern in our society. In that context, waste and wastewater treatment, and more specifically biological wastewater treatment processes play an important role. In this book, we concentrate on the mathematical modelling of these processes. The main purpose is to provide the increasing number of professionals who are using models to design, optimise and control wastewater treatment processes with the necessary background for their activities of model building, selection and calibration. The book deals specifically with dynamic models because they allow us to describe the behaviour of treatment plants under the highly dynamic conditions that we want them to operate (e.g. Sequencing Batch Reactors) or we have to operate them (e.g. storm conditions, spills). Further extension is provided to new reactor systems for which partial differential equation descriptions are necessary to account for their distributed parameter nature (e.g. settlers, fixed bed reactors). The model building exercise is introduced as a step-wise activity that, in this book, starts from mass balancing principles. In many cases, different hypotheses and their corresponding models can be proposed for a particular process. It is therefore essential to be able to select from these candidate models in an objective manner. To this end, structure characterisation methods are introduced. Important sections of the book deal with the collection of high quality data using optimal experimental design, parameter estimation techniques for calibration and the on-line use of models in state and parameter estimators. Contents Dynamical Modelling Dynamical Mass Balance Model Building and Analysis Structure Characterisation (SC) Structural Identifiability Practical Identifiability and Optimal Experiment Design for Parameter Estimation (OED/PE) Estimation of Model Parameters Recursive State and Parameter Estimation Glossary Nomenclature

The increasingly competitive environment within which modern industry has to work means that processes have to be operated over a wider range of conditions in order to meet constantly changing performance targets. Add to this the fact that many industrial operations are nonlinear, and the need for on-line control algorithms for nonlinear processes becomes clear. Major progress has been booked in constrained model-based control and important issues of nonlinear process control have been solved. This text surveys the state-of-the-art in nonlinear model-based control technology, by writers who have actually created the scientific profile. A broad range of issues are covered in depth, from traditional nonlinear approaches to nonlinear model predictive control, from nonlinear process identification and state estimation to control-integrated design. Advances in the control of inverse response and unstable processes are presented. Comparisons with linear control are given, and case studies are used for illustration.