The 2005 Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) round is the biggest, most complex, and costliest BRAC round ever. In addition to base closures, many recommendations involve realignments, such as returning forces to the U.S. from bases overseas and creating joint bases. However, anticipated savings remained an important consideration in justifying the need for the 2005 BRAC round. This report assessed: (1) challenges that might affect timely completion of recommendations; (2) any changes in DoD's reported cost and savings estimates since FY 2008; and (3) the potential for estimates to continue to change. Includes recommendations. Charts and tables.