The first introductory A–Z resource on the dynamic achievements in science from the late 1600s to 1820, including the great minds behind the developments and science's new cultural role. Though the Enlightenment was a time of amazing scientific change, science is an often-neglected facet of that time. Now, Science in the Enlightenment redresses the balance by covering all the major scientific developments in the period between Newton's discoveries in the late 1600s to the early 1800s of Michael Faraday and Georges Cuvier. Over 200 A-Z entries explore a range of disciplines, including astronomy and medicine, scientists such as Sir Humphry Davy and Benjamin Franklin, and instruments such as the telescope and calorimeter. Emphasis is placed on the role of women, and proper attention is given to the shifts in the worldview brought about by Newtonian physics, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier's "chemical revolution," and universal systems of botanical and zoological classification. Moreover, the social impact of science is explored, as well as the ways in which the work of scientists influenced the thinking of philosophers such as Voltaire and Denis Diderot and the writers and artists of the romantic movement.

Planet Earth and the other bodies of the Solar System are 4.5 billion years old. They reside in a galaxy (the Milky Way Galaxy) that is 12-14 billion years old, and are part of a universe that is 13-15 billion years old. In Ancient Earth, Ancient Skies, G. Brent Dalrymple, a geologist and widely recognized expert on the age of Earth, reviews the evidence that has led scientists to these conclusions and describes the methods by which this evidence has been gathered.

A guide to creating an environmentally balanced home shares practical steps on how to promote family health while making informed consumer choices, covering such topics as non-toxic pest controls, purchasing a water-filtration system, and adjusting home energy using crystals and aromatherapy.

Travel on a journey through the great Semite's history, where the world colludes we should use those who love God and reverence God, as though they are like those who win souls, and use the writing of the Messiah to want to share in the spoil with the proud, rather be lowly in spirit with the afflicted

Leading specialists in various disciplines were first invited to a multidisciplinary workshop funded by ICSU on the topic to gain a better appreciation and perspective on the subject of comet/asteroid impacts as viewed by different disciplines. This volume provides a necessary link between various disciplines and comet/asteroid impacts.

"The three most commonly accepted theories which philosophers have adopted in order to solve the mysterious problem--the origin of the Universe--are: First. That it is Self-made. [Pantheism.] Second. That it is Self-existent. [Atheism.] Third. That it is Created by an external agency or Supreme Intelligence. [Spiritualism.] In our examination of these theories, we have not entered the sanctuary; nor discussed any religious dogmas. We have taken the Mosaic account of Creation, as we have the cosmogonies of Epicurus, Kant, Laplace and others, as their theories, to account for the origin of the visible universe, and endeavored to logically and philosophically analyze them; in order to see which might be the most probable. We have, more particularly, examined the foundation on which rests the philosophy of Herbert Spencer. Also, the theories of Charles Darwin, and endeavored to see if the philosophical structures which they have built thereon, can stand the test of a logical analysis. We have presented to our readers a new theory for the Origin or formation of the World and Species; and, for this purpose, have accepted the hypothesis: That first, before the worlds were formed, there existed a chaos; a mass of primordial matter termed Atoms. We have not inquired into the primal cause of these, but, assisted by the science of molecular physics, have built up the structure of our theory, and endeavored to show the secondary or natural cause of the origin of all forms, organic and inorganic. Also, of the continuing existence of all living things, and species of things. We may be permitted to say: That this book will be best appreciated by those who have some knowledge of philosophic literature; but no previous reading is necessary to the understanding of the argument or the passing of judgment upon its conclusions"--Preface. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved).