Stanley Mandelstam (1928-2016) was one of the most influential and respected particle theorists. Coming as a young chemical engineer from South Africa to study theoretical physics in England, he quickly became a leading physicist in his field. With his deep understanding of quantum field theory, he pioneered the development of the analytic S-matrix theory as well as the path-dependent formulations for quantum gauge theories and for quantum general relativity. They are being actively used for the electroweak theory and having their imprints in lattice gauge theory and loop quantum gravity. Also he elucidated the mechanisms for quark confinement in quantum chromodynamics, constructed non-perturbative bosonization methods in 1+1 dimensions, and proved the perturbative finiteness and β=0 of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. His work also led to the discovery of dual resonance models, which in turn became superstring theory. He was a leader in these developments, devoting much of his later years to the proof that the theory is perturbatively finite so it can be considered as a contender for the theory of quantum gravity.He was also a very modest and friendly man, impressing everyone with his sharp intellect as well as his humanity. This volume contains essays written by many of his friends and students, including both detailed reports on his scientific achievements as well as personal reminiscences. Also collected in the volume are some selected reprints of Mandelstam's early seminal papers and abstracts of selected papers representing the full spectrum of his contributions.

This special volume is dedicated to Geoffrey Chew who passed away on April 12, 2019, at age 94. He is best known as the architect and passionate champion of the bootstrap concept, sometimes called nuclear democracy. His work influenced generations of particle physicists. His passion for physics was an inspiration for his many students and associates. From the Chew-Low theory for meson-nucleon scattering to Analytic S-Matrix, Regge Poles, and Bootstrap principle, his originality left its mark in ways that continue to the present. With contributions from Chew's former collaborators, students, and friends, the book will cover various facets of his life and impact on physics.Contributors include Steven Weinberg, Steven Frautschi, Gabriele Veneziano, Peter Landshoff, Carl Rosenzweig, Basarab Nicolescu, William Frazer, David Gross, John Schwartz, Ling-Lie Chau, Chung-I Tan, Richard Brower, Carleton DeTar, R Shankar, David Kaiser, Fritjof Capra, and others.

This book presents the essentials culminating in the effective string theory of flux tubes in meticulous technical and conceptual detail. The book is divided into four parts. Part One provides historical background, while Part Two (consisting of 14 chapters) covers the passage from Heisenberg's S-matrix theory to String Theory. This includes non-perturbative LSZ formalism, dispersion relations, Regge poles, duality and dual resonance models. Part Three offers a comprehensive analysis of QCD, focusing on important concepts like asymptotic freedom and quark confinement. The section also delves into lattice gauge theories and effective descriptions of superconductivity and strong interactions. Part Four, the final two chapters, describe the lattice gauge theory determinations of Yang-Mills flux tubes in three and four dimensions and effective string theories, including their systematic constructions. These chapters provide detailed technical information to help readers, especially students, develop their expertise in these ideas. This book is ideal for graduate students, postdocs, and senior researchers looking to deepen their understanding of effective string theory and related concepts.

Today, Relativity is becoming an integrated aspect of engineering fields. Its application to the Global Positioning System (GPS), extends in usage from smart watches to the navigation of cars, airplanes (drones) and even autonomous tractors. In rather expensive particle accelerators, physicists are everyday 'playing' with Relativistic Billiards, common to the betatrons of cancer therapy using electrons. Computer programs, such as 'ray tracing' methods, are enhanced to simulate objects in relativistic motion, which now offer us relativistic visualizations of accretion disks around compact, astrophysical objects like Black Holes.Against the backdrop of the applications explained throughout the chapters, this book takes on a practical and intuitive approach in introducing the Lorentz invariance of light propagation and space-time concepts. The book begins with simple mathematics, like the classical Pythagoras formula for energy-momentum 'triangles'. Later, readers will find the intuitive vector calculus reemerging in the expansion of full relativistic expressions. Prepared with instructive diagrams of recent experiments, even the layperson can grasp the essential study of Relativity and marvel at its applications within this book.

'This book presents a timely set of academic and intellectual views on Salam’s scientific passion, contribution and personality, and will be of great interest to academics in the fields of particle physics, high energy physics and scientific history of the developing world.'Contemporary PhysicsIn honor of one of the most prolific and exciting scientists of the second half of the last century, a memorial meeting was organized by the Institute of Advanced Studies at Nanyang Technological University for Professor Abdus Salam's 90th Birthday in January 2016.Salam believed that 'scientific thought is the common heritage of all mankind' and that the developing world should play its part, not merely by importing technology but by being the arbiter of its own scientific destiny. That belief saw him rise from humble beginnings in a village in Pakistan to become one of the world's most original and influential particle physicists, culminating in the 1979 Nobel Prize (shared with Glashow and Weinberg) for contributions to electroweak unification, which forms an integral part of the Standard Model.The book collected the papers presented at this memorable event which saw many distinguished scientists participating as speakers to reflect on Prof Salam's great passion for the science and achievements.

This book honors the remarkable science and life of Shoucheng Zhang, a condensed matter theorist known for his work on topological insulators, the quantum Hall effect, spintronics, superconductivity, and other fields. It contains the contributions displayed at the Shoucheng Zhang Memorial Workshop held on May 2-4, 2019 at Stanford University.

Ludwig Faddeev is widely recognized as one of the titans of 20th century mathematical physics. His fundamental contributions to scattering theory, quantum gauge theories, and the theory of classical and quantum completely integrable systems played a key role in shaping modern mathematical physics. Ludwig Faddeev's major achievements include the solution of the three-body problem in quantum mechanics, the mathematical formulation of quantum gauge theories and corresponding Feynman rules, Hamiltonian and algebraic methods in mathematical physics, with applications to gauge theories with anomalies, quantum systems with constraints and solitons, the discovery of the algebraic structure of classical and quantum integrable systems and quantum groups, and solitons with the topology of knots. Faddeev's name is imprinted in many areas of mathematics and theoretical physics, including "Faddeev's equations" and "Faddeev's Green function" in scattering theory, "Faddeev-Popov ghosts" and "Faddeev-Popov determinant" in gauge theories, "Gardner-Faddeev-Zakharov bracket" for the KdV equation, "Faddeev-Zamolodchikov algebra" in quantum integrable systems, "Faddeev-Reshetikhin-Takhtajan construction" in the theory of quantum groups, knotted solitons in the "Skyrme-Faddeev model" and many others. Ludwig Faddeev founded the St. Petersburg school of modern mathematical physics and distinguished himself by serving the mathematics community for over three decades including his leadership of the International Mathematical Union in the period of 1986-1990. He was conferred numerous prizes and memberships of prestigious institutions in recognition of the importance of his work. These include the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics, the Dirac Medal, the Max Planck Medal, the Shaw Prize and the Lomonosov Gold Medal among others. A gathering of contributions from some of the biggest names in mathematics and physics, this volume serves as a tribute to this legendary figure. Volume contributors include: Fields medalist Sir Michael Atiyah, Jürg Fröhlich, Roman Jackiw, Vladimir Korepin, Nikita Nekrasov, André Neveu, Alexander M Polyakov, Samson Shatashvili, Fedor Smirnov as well as Nobel laureates Frank Wilczek and C N Yang.