A surface integrity evaluation of several iron, titanium and nickel base structural alloys was completed. Materials investigated include AISI 4340, 4340 modified, Grade 300 Maraging Steel, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo, Inconel 718, AF95, Rene' 80 and AF2-1DA. For the most part, these alloys were quenched and tempered or solution treated and aged, as appropriate, to put them into a high strength structural condition. Wide variations in fatigue strength were documented for the above mentioned alloys under the following metal removal conditions: surface grinding, hand sanding, end milling-peripheral cutting, end milling-end cutting, EDM and ECM. Guidelines for processing of aerospace hardware in such a way as to assure good surface integrity have been developed and presented in this report. Control of cutting tool sharpness as well as proper selection of processing parameters are prime requirements.

A program has been run to evaluate the effects of different metal removal methods and variations of these methods on surface integrity. Three alloys were studied: beta rolled Ti-6Al-4V; AISI 4340, quenched and tempered, 50 Rc; and Inconel 718, solution treated and aged. Various grinding procedures caused the titanium alloy to exhibit a fatigue strength range of 13 to 62 ksi. The fatigue strength of 4340 due to grinding variables ranged from 62 to 102 ksi, while Inconel 718 showed a range of 24 to 60 ksi. Abusive grinding conditions always resulted in fatigue strengths at the minimum of these ranges. Milling variables exhibited a fatigue strength range of 32 to 72 ksi in the beta rolled titanium alloy. EDM and ECM on Inconel 718 yielded 22 and 39 ksi, respectively, compared to 60 ksi for gentle grinding. Guidelines for processing aerospace hardware considering surface integrity requirements are presented in the report.

"Surface Integrity in Machining" describes the fundamentals and recent advances in the study of surface integrity in machining processes. "Surface Integrity in Machining" gathers together research from international experts in the field. Topics covered include: the definition of surface integrity and its importance in functional performance; surface topography characterization and evaluation; microstructure modification and the mechanical properties of subsurface layers; residual stresses; surface integrity characterization methods; and surface integrity aspects in machining processes. A useful reference for researchers in tribology and materials, mechanical and materials engineers, and machining professionals, "Surface Integrity in Machining" can be also used as a textbook by advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students.

The rapid growth of modern industry has resulted in a growing demand for construction materials with excellent operational properties. However, the improved features of these materials can significantly hinder their manufacture and, therefore, they can be defined as hard-to-cut. The main difficulties during the manufacturing/processing of hard-to-cut materials are attributed especially to their high hardness and abrasion resistance, high strength at room or elevated temperatures, increased thermal conductivity, as well as resistance to oxidation and corrosion. Nowadays, the group of hard-to-cut materials is extensive and still expanding, which is attributed to the development of a novel manufacturing techniques (e.g., additive technologies). Currently, the group of hard-to-cut materials mainly includes hardened and stainless steels, titanium, cobalt and nickel alloys, composites, ceramics, as well as the hard clads fabricated by additive techniques. This Special Issue, “Advances in Hard-to-Cut Materials: Manufacturing, Properties, Process Mechanics and Evaluation of Surface Integrity”, provides the collection of research papers regarding the various problems correlated with hard-to-cut materials. The analysis of these studies reveals the primary directions regarding the developments in manufacturing methods, characterization, and optimization of hard-to-cut materials.

Remanufacturing and Advanced Machining Processes for Materials and Components presents current and emerging techniques for machining of new materials and restoration of components, as well as surface engineering methods aimed at prolonging the life of industrial systems. It examines contemporary machining processes for new materials, methods of protection and restoration of components, and smart machining processes. • Details a variety of advanced machining processes, new materials joining techniques, and methods to increase machining accuracy • Presents innovative methods for protection and restoration of components primarily from the perspective of remanufacturing and protective surface engineering • Discusses smart machining processes, including computer-integrated manufacturing and rapid prototyping, and smart materials • Provides a comprehensive summary of state-of-the-art in every section and a description of manufacturing methods • Describes the applications in recovery and enhancing purposes and identifies contemporary trends in industrial practice, emphasizing resource savings and performance prolongation for components and engineering systems The book is aimed at a range of readers, including graduate-level students, researchers, and engineers in mechanical, materials, and manufacturing engineering, especially those focused on resource savings, renovation, and failure prevention of components in engineering systems.