Now is a time of great interest in mathematics education. Student performance, curriculum, and teacher education are the subjects of much scrutiny and debate. Studies on the mathematical knowledge of prospective and practicing U. S. teachers suggest ways to improve their mathematical educations. It is often assumed that because the topics covered in K-12 mathematics are so basic, they should be easy to teach. However, research in mathematics education has shown that to teach well,substantial mathematical understanding is necessary--even to teach whole-number arithmetic. Prospective teachers need a solid understanding of mathematics so that they can teach it as a coherent, reasoned activity and communicate its elegance and power. This volume gathers and reports current thinkingon curriculum and policy issues affecting the mathematical education of teachers. It considers two general themes: (1) the intellectual substance in school mathematics; and (2) the special nature of the mathematical knowledge needed for teaching. The underlying study was funded by a grant from the U.S. Department of Education. The mathematical knowledge needed for teaching is quite different from that required by students pursuing other mathematics-related professions. Material here is gearedtoward stimulating efforts on individual campuses to improve programs for prospective teachers. This report contains general recommendations for all grades and extensive discussions of the specific mathematical knowledge required for teaching elementary, middle, and high-school grades, respectively.It is also designed to marshal efforts in the mathematical sciences community to back important national initiatives to improve mathematics education and to expand professional development opportunities. The book will be an important resource for mathematics faculty and other parties involved in the mathematical education of teachers. Information for our distributors: This series is published in cooperation with the Mathematical Association of America.

This edition of the US Army Leadership Field Manual (FM 22-100) establishes a unified leadership theory for all Army leaders based on the Army leadership framework and three leadership levels. Specifically, it- Defines and discusses Army values and leader attributes. Discusses character-based leadership. Establishes leader attributes as part of character. Focuses on improving people and organizations for the long term. Outlines three levels of leadership-direct, organizational, and strategic. Identifies four skill domains that apply at all levels. Specifies leadership actions for each level. The Army leadership framework brings together many existing leadership concepts by establishing leadership dimensions and showing how they relate to each other. Solidly based on BE, KNOW, DO-that is character, competence, and action-the Army leadership framework provides a single instrument for leader development. Individuals can use it for self-development. Leaders can use it to develop subordinates. Commanders can use it to focus their programs. By establishing leadership dimensions grouped under the skill domains of values, attributes, skills, and actions, the Army leadership framework provides a simple way to think about and discuss leadership. The Army is a values-based institution. This field manual establishes and clarifies those values. Army leaders must set high standards, lead by example, do what is legally and morally right, and influence other people to do the same. They must establish and sustain a climate that ensures people are treated with dignity and respect and create an environment in which people are challenged and motivated to be all they can be. This field manual discusses these aspects of leadership and how they contribute to developing leaders of character and competence. Readers interested in related titles from The U.S. Army will also want to see: Army Guerrilla Warfare Handbook (ISBN: 9781626542730) Army Guide to Boobytraps (ISBN: 9781626544703) Army Improvised Munitions Handbook (ISBN: 9781626542679) Army M-1 Garand Technical Manual (ISBN: 9781626543300) Army Physical Readiness Training with Change FM 7-22 (ISBN: 9781626544017) Army Special Forces Guide to Unconventional Warfare (ISBN: 9781626542709) Army Survival Manual FM 21-76 (ISBN: 9781626544413) Army/Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual (ISBN: 9781626544246) Map Reading and Land Navigation FM 3-25.26 (ISBN: 9781626542983) Ranger Handbook SH 21-76 (ISBN: 9781626545199) Rigging Techniques, Procedures, and Applications FM 5-125 (ISBN: 9781626544338) Special Forces Sniper Training and Employment FM 3-05.222 (ISBN: 9781626544482) The Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad FM 3-21.8 / 7-8 (ISBN: 9781626544277) Understanding Rigging (ISBN: 9781626544673)