The amount of load that can be borne by the different components of the lumbar region is fairly well understood, as are resulting injuries from overloading. Less severe lumbar injuries involve a wide range of factors, including: heredity, obesity, age, occupation, sports, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression. Some of the most painful conditions that require high levels of care involve lumbar spine fracture or soft tissue injury from falls, contact sports, vehicle collisions, aircraft ejection, and underbody blasts from roadway explosions (military injuries). Each of these injury scenarios elicits a different kinematic response of the spine as a result of load direction, magnitude, and duration. Updated from a popular earlier volume, this new compendium includes landmark papers from 1994 through 2013 that focus exclusively on lumbar injuries. It also features an introductory chapter, “Blunt Lumbar Trauma” that provides an overview of the anatomy of the lumbar region, injury, and injury mechanisms, as well as an extensive literature update. This edition is the third in a series of biomechanics compendia edited by Mr. Pike. Earlier editions covered injuries of the neck and head. For this volume, Mr. Pike and the advisory panel selected 15 of the best papers from a variety of sources including SAE International, IRCOBI, Stapp, NHTSA, ESV, and the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. The book will be helpful to those studying lumbar injury from a broad range of causes, including transportation, falls, sports, personal violence, and blast-related. Professionals from a variety of disciplines will find the book useful: biomechanics, accident reconstruction, medical and rehabilitation, insurance, legal, and law enforcement.

Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.

Military Injury Biomechanics: The Cause and Prevention of Impact Injuries is a reference manual where information and data from a large number of sources, focussing on injuries related to military events, has been critically reviewed and discussed. The book covers the cause and prevention of impact injuries to all the major body regions, while topics such as the historical background of military impact biomechanics, the history and use of anthropomorphic test devices for military applications and the medical management of injuries are also discussed. An international team of experts have been brought together to examine and review the topics. The book is intended for researchers, postgraduate students and others working or studying defence and impact injuries.

This book provides a state-of-the-art look at the applied biomechanics of accidental injury and prevention. The editors, Drs. Narayan Yoganandan, Alan M. Nahum and John W. Melvin are recognized international leaders and researchers in injury biomechanics, prevention and trauma medicine. They have assembled renowned researchers as authors for 29 chapters to cover individual aspects of human injury assessment and prevention. This third edition is thoroughly revised and expanded with new chapters in different fields. Topics covered address automotive, aviation, military and other environments. Field data collection; injury coding/scaling; injury epidemiology; mechanisms of injury; human tolerance to injury; simulations using experimental, complex computational models (finite element modeling) and statistical processes; anthropomorphic test device design, development and validation for crashworthiness applications in topics cited above; and current regulations are covered. Risk functions and injury criteria for various body regions are included. Adult and pediatric populations are addressed. The exhaustive list of references in many areas along with the latest developments is valuable to all those involved or intend to pursue this important topic on human injury biomechanics and prevention. The expanded edition will interest a variety of scholars and professionals including physicians, biomedical researchers in many disciplines, basic scientists, attorneys and jurists involved in accidental injury cases and governmental bodies. It is hoped that this book will foster multidisciplinary collaborations by medical and engineering researchers and academicians and practicing physicians for injury assessment and prevention and stimulate more applied research, education and training in the field of accidental-injury causation and prevention.

Contains 58 papers published between 1968 and 1994, on the anatomy of the human abdomen, lumbar spine, and pelvis and the biomechanics of impact injury and injury tolerances of these body segments. Six sections cover the human abdomen, lumbar spine, and pelvis complex; biomechanics, impact response,

This practical text, written by four key researchers in the field, offers an effective approach to the management and treatment of back pain based on applications of biomechanics. By linking the clinical anatomy of the spine to biomechanics principles, it provides a bridge between anatomy and practical applications. This highly illustrated, up-to-date book is essential reading for anyone involved in the care and treatment of patients with back pain, as well as for those studying its causes and methods of prevention. Addresses the important and prevalent problem of back pain thoroughly from a unique biomechanics perspective. Written especially for practitioners, the book presents information in a way that is relevant to therapists who treat patients with back pain. Authored by four of the leading researchers in the field from different professional backgrounds, the book comprehensively examines back pain from diverse perspectives. Provides an understanding of back mechanics that is necessary in order to form an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Six new chapters are included: Growth and Aging of the Lumbar Spine; Spinal Degeneration; Biomechanics of Spinal Surgery; Surgery for Disc Prolapse; Spinal Stenosis and Back Pain; and Conservative Management of Back Pain. Expanded sections on spinal growth and aging provide additional comprehensive information on this important topic. Includes additional and updated information on the interpretation and explanation of spine research literature. An expanded color plate section with 23 new black-and-white photographs and 21 new line drawings illustrate the content clearly.

Chronic low-back pain is the focus of this book. Presented in a systematic manner, this work reviews epidemiological studies which have shown that various mechanical factors play a significant role in the onset of chronic low-back pain. To provide you with a better understanding of the information in these chapters, ample illustrations and tables are included. At the end of each chapter, the reader is directed to even further in-depth information. It is the intent of the authors that this writing will promote further biomechanical research. Written in an instructional format, this text is ideal for training bioengineering and medical students. This volume is also of practical value to practicing surgeons and scientists who are interested in seeking solutions to the low-back pain problem.