You are responsible for planning and designing electrical power systems? Good. Hopefully you know your way through national and international regulations, safety standards, and all the possible pitfalls you will encounter. You're not sure? This volume provides you with the wealth of experience the author gained in 20 years of practice. The enclosed CAD software accelerates your planning process and makes your final design cost-efficient and secure.

Design Fundamentals for Low-Voltage Distribution and Control provides practical guidelinesfor all aspects of this vital topic. Linking theoretical principles with real hardware designs,the book will help engineers meet safety and regulatory standards, reduce redesign costs,shorten product development and testing cycles, and develop more reliable, efficientequipment.This outstanding reference highlights the determination of reactance and resistances of conductors... discusses heat transfer problems in industrial apparatus . .. and considers shortcircuit and ground fault calculations as well as temperature rise and forces occurring underfault conditions.Design Fundamentals for Low-Voltage Distribution and Control applies thermodynamicprinciples to electrical equipment, including coverage of heat transfer equations, calculationexamples for conductor sizes, and insulation. It provides empirical models to show howhigher order theoretical equations can be practically approximated . . . and includes samplecalculations for magnet size, circuit breakers, fault current, arc interruption, and other propertiesand equipment.In addition, the book compares design requirements for both U.S. and European equipment.Featuring numerous equations, graphs, tables, test procedures, and diagrams, Design Fundamentalsfor Low-Voltage Distribution and Control is an invaluable practical guide for electricaland electronics, design, project, and power engineers involved with the design andapplication of electrical apparatus; and graduate students of electrical engineering, powerengineering, and electro technology.

Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifier Cells describes the theory and design of the circuit elements that are required to realize a low-voltage, low-power operational amplifier. These elements include constant-gm rail-to-rail input stages, class-AB rail-to-rail output stages and frequency compensation methods. Several examples of each of these circuit elements are investigated. Furthermore, the book illustrates several silicon realizations, giving their measurement results. The text focuses on compact low-voltage low-power operational amplifiers with good performance. Six simple high-performance class-AB amplifiers are realized using a very compact topology making them particularly suitable for use as VLSI library cells. All of the designs can use a supply voltage as low as 3V. One of the amplifier designs dissipates only 50μW with a unity gain frequency of 1.5 MHz. A second set of amplifiers run on a supply voltage slightly above 1V. The amplifiers combine a low power consumption with a gain of 120 dB. In addition, the design of three fully differential operational amplifiers is addressed. Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power CMOS Operational Amplifier Cells is intended for professional designers of analog circuits. It is also suitable for use as a text book for an advanced course in CMOS operational amplifier design.

Oversampling techniques based on sigma-delta modulation are widely used to implement the analog/digital interfaces in CMOS VLSI technologies. This approach is relatively insensitive to imperfections in the manufacturing process and offers numerous advantages for the realization of high-resolution analog-to-digital (A/D) converters in the low-voltage environment that is increasingly demanded by advanced VLSI technologies and by portable electronic systems. In The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators, an analysis of power dissipation in sigma-delta modulators is presented, and a low-voltage implementation of a digital-audio performance A/D converter based on the results of this analysis is described. Although significant power savings can typically be achieved in digital circuits by reducing the power supply voltage, the power dissipation in analog circuits actually tends to increase with decreasing supply voltages. Oversampling architectures are a potentially power-efficient means of implementing high-resolution A/D converters because they reduce the number and complexity of the analog circuits in comparison with Nyquist-rate converters. In fact, it is shown that the power dissipation of a sigma-delta modulator can approach that of a single integrator with the resolution and bandwidth required for a given application. In this research the influence of various parameters on the power dissipation of the modulator has been evaluated and strategies for the design of a power-efficient implementation have been identified. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators begins with an overview of A/D conversion, emphasizing sigma-delta modulators. It includes a detailed analysis of noise in sigma-delta modulators, analyzes power dissipation in integrator circuits, and addresses practical issues in the circuit design and testing of a high-resolution modulator. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators will be of interest to practicing engineers and researchers in the areas of mixed-signal and analog integrated circuit design.

Low Voltage Power MOSFETs focuses on the design of low voltage power MOSFETs and the relation between the device structure and the performance of a power MOSFET used as a switch in power management applications. This SpringerBriefs close the gap between detailed engineering reference books and the numerous technical papers on the subject of power MOSFETs. The material presented covers low voltage applications extending from battery operated portable electronics, through point of load converters, internet infrastructure, automotive applications, to personal computers and server computers. The issues treated in this volume are explained qualitatively using schematic illustrations, making the discussion easy to follow for all prospective readers.

This book contains all the topics of importance to the low power designer. It first lays the foundation and then goes on to detail the design process. The book also discusses such special topics as power management and modal design, ultra low power, and low power design methodology and flows. In addition, coverage includes projections of the future and case studies.

An expert how-to guide on low voltage wiring for data processing and telecommunications equipment. The first handbook of its kind, this practical reference shows how to design, install, and maintain low voltage systems. It also discusses procedures that are affected by IEEE, NEC, ISO, and vendor group standards. Illustrations and index included.