Light Scattering From Micrometric Mineral Dust and Aggregate Particles

Light Scattering From Micrometric Mineral Dust and Aggregate Particles
Title Light Scattering From Micrometric Mineral Dust and Aggregate Particles PDF eBook
Author Llorenç Cremonesi
Publisher Springer Nature
Pages 148
Release 2020-09-24
Genre Science
ISBN 3030567877

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Light scattering from particles in the nanometric and micrometric size range is relevant in several research fields, such as aerosol science and nanotechnology. In many applications, the description of the optical properties of non-spherical, inhomogeneous particles is still inadequate or requires demanding numerical calculations. Lorenz–Mie scattering and effective medium approximations represent currently the main theoretical tools to model such particles, but their effectiveness has been recently called into question. This work examines how the morphology of a particle affects its scattering parameters from an experimental standpoint, supporting findings with extensive simulations. The dust content of Antarctic, Greenlandic, and Alpine ice cores is analysed with a particle-by-particle approach. Moreover, a study on colloidal aggregates shows that correlations among the fields radiated by primary particles are responsible for the poor agreement of effective medium approximations with experimental results. On the theoretical side, an interpretation in terms of the structure factor is given, which satisfactorily describes the data. The insights of this thesis are relevant for quantifying the contribution of mineral dust to the radiative energy balance of the Earth.

Springer Series in Light Scattering

Springer Series in Light Scattering
Title Springer Series in Light Scattering PDF eBook
Author Alexander Kokhanovsky
Publisher Springer
Pages 369
Release 2018-01-17
Genre Science
ISBN 3319707965

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This book presents recent advances in studies of light propagation, scattering, emission and absorption in random media. Many natural and biological media vary randomly in time and space. Examples are terrestrial atmosphere and ocean, biological liquids and tissues to name but a few.

Scattering, Absorption, and Emission of Light by Small Particles

Scattering, Absorption, and Emission of Light by Small Particles
Title Scattering, Absorption, and Emission of Light by Small Particles PDF eBook
Author Michael I. Mishchenko
Publisher Cambridge University Press
Pages 560
Release 2002-06-06
Genre Science
ISBN 9780521782524

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A thorough and up-to-date treatment of electromagnetic scattering by small particles.

Planetary Materials

Planetary Materials
Title Planetary Materials PDF eBook
Author James J. Papike
Publisher Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Pages 1068
Release 2018-12-17
Genre Science
ISBN 1501508806

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Volume 36 of Reviews in Mineralogy presents a comprehensive coverage of the mineralogy and petrology of planetary materials. The book is organized with an introductory chapter that introduces the reader to the nature of the planetary sample suite and provides some insights into the diverse environments from which they come. Chapter 2 on Interplanetary Dust Particles (IDPs) and Chapter 3 on Chondritic Meteorites deal with the most primitive and unevolved materials we have to work with. It is these materials that hold the clues to the nature of the solar nebula and the processes that led to the initial stages of planetary formation. Chapter 4, 5, and 6 consider samples from evolved asteroids, the Moon and Mars respectively. Chapter 7 is a brief summary chapter that compares aspects of melt-derived minerals from differing planetary environments.

Encyclopedia of the Solar System

Encyclopedia of the Solar System
Title Encyclopedia of the Solar System PDF eBook
Author Tilman Spohn
Publisher Elsevier
Pages 1335
Release 2014-05-30
Genre Science
ISBN 0124160344

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The Encyclopedia of the Solar System, Third Edition—winner of the 2015 PROSE Award in Cosmology & Astronomy from the Association of American Publishers—provides a framework for understanding the origin and evolution of the solar system, historical discoveries, and details about planetary bodies and how they interact—with an astounding breadth of content and breathtaking visual impact. The encyclopedia includes the latest explorations and observations, hundreds of color digital images and illustrations, and over 1,000 pages. It stands alone as the definitive work in this field, and will serve as a modern messenger of scientific discovery and provide a look into the future of our solar system. New additions to the third edition reflect the latest progress and growth in the field, including past and present space missions to the terrestrial planets, the outer solar systems and space telescopes used to detect extrasolar planets. - Winner of the 2015 PROSE Award in Cosmology & Astronomy from the Association of American Publishers - Presents 700 full-color digital images and diagrams from current space missions and observatories, bringing to life the content and aiding in the understanding and retention of key concepts. - Includes a substantial appendix containing data on planetary missions, fundamental data of relevance for planets and satellites, and a glossary, providing immediately accessible mission data for ease of use in conducting further research or for use in presentations and instruction. - Contains an extensive bibliography, providing a guide for deeper studies into broader aspects of the field and serving as an excellent entry point for graduate students aiming to broaden their study of planetary science.

Use of Services for Family Planning and Infertility, United States, 1982

Use of Services for Family Planning and Infertility, United States, 1982
Title Use of Services for Family Planning and Infertility, United States, 1982 PDF eBook
Author Gerry E. Hendershot
Publisher
Pages 982
Release 1988
Genre Birth control
ISBN 9780840602220

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The 1982 statistics on the use of family planning and infertility services presented in this report are preliminary results from Cycle III of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Data were collected through personal interviews with a multistage area probability sample of 7969 women aged 15-44. A detailed series of questions was asked to obtain relatively complete estimates of the extent and type of family planning services received. Statistics on family planning services are limited to women who were able to conceive 3 years before the interview date. Overall, 79% of currently mrried nonsterile women reported using some type of family planning service during the previous 3 years. There were no statistically significant differences between white (79%), black (75%) or Hispanic (77%) wives, or between the 2 income groups. The 1982 survey questions were more comprehensive than those of earlier cycles of the survey. The annual rate of visits for family planning services in 1982 was 1077 visits /1000 women. Teenagers had the highest annual visit rate (1581/1000) of any age group for all sources of family planning services combined. Visit rates declined sharply with age from 1447 at ages 15-24 to 479 at ages 35-44. Similar declines with age also were found in the visit rates for white and black women separately. Nevertheless, the annual visit rate for black women (1334/1000) was significantly higher than that for white women (1033). The highest overall visit rate was for black women 15-19 years of age (1867/1000). Nearly 2/3 of all family planning visits were to private medical sources. Teenagers of all races had higher family planning service visit rates to clinics than to private medical sources, as did black women age 15-24. White women age 20 and older had higher visit rates to private medical services than to clinics. Never married women had higher visit rates to clinics than currently or formerly married women. Data were also collected in 1982 on use of medical services for infertility by women who had difficulty in conceiving or carrying a pregnancy to term. About 1 million ever married women had 1 or more infertility visits in the 12 months before the interview. During the 3 years before interview, about 1.9 million women had infertility visits. For all ever married women, as well as for white and black women separately, infertility services were more likely to be secured from private medical sources than from clinics. The survey design, reliability of the estimates and the terms used are explained in the technical notes.

Space Exploration of the Outer Space Solar System and Cometary Nuclei

Space Exploration of the Outer Space Solar System and Cometary Nuclei
Title Space Exploration of the Outer Space Solar System and Cometary Nuclei PDF eBook
Author COSPAR. Scientific Assembly
Publisher Pergamon
Pages 182
Release 1998
Genre Science
ISBN

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This is a collection of six papers that were presented at COSPAR96, in Birmingham, U.K. This session showcased current and planned exploration activities for the giant planets, Jupiter and Saturn.