As children grow and develop cognitive skills, their social interactions become increasingly complex. The ability to think abstractly, infer relationships, and comprehend social norms are critical cognitive milestones that significantly influence children’s socialization processes. During middle childhood, for example, the development of metacognition enables children to reflect on their thinking and that of others, facilitating a more nuanced understanding of social dynamics. This cognitive evolution allows for improved conflict resolution, negotiation skills, and empathy—hallmarks of healthy social interactions. Moreover, the process of perspective-taking, which refers to the capacity to understand another person's viewpoint, is closely tied to cognitive development. It is during the concrete operational stage (ages 7 to 11) that children begin to grasp the ability to see things from multiple viewpoints, which is pivotal for successful social interactions. This skill not only aids in forming and maintaining friendships but also assists in navigating complex social situations, thereby enriching an individual’s social environment.

This comprehensive guide to continuing professional development (CPD) in the lifelong learning sector (LLS) provides teachers with practical support and guidance alongside development activities. It encourages teachers to reflect on their practice and subsequently shape and develop their teaching in response to the needs of their learners, their institution and local and national priorities. The book emphasises the importance of teachers as professional individuals who are responsible for their own CPD. It also helps senior managers to create a positive environment and 'learning organisation' in which teaching and learning can flourish. The book sets the context for CPD and: Offers an understanding of the CPD process and the need for undertaking reflective practice Meets the needs of new teachers, trainers and tutors in the sector Considers CPD for teaching and learning and subject-specific CPD Provides an introduction to action research and case studies of research into teaching and learning in the sector Accessible to anyone who is working, or training to work, in the LLS, this book will provide practical suggestions, ideas and activities to stimulate activities and research.

Life-Span Developmental Psychology: Personality and Socialization presents papers on personality and socialization. The book discusses the history, theory, and psychological approaches of developmental psychology, with focus on socialization and personality development through the life span; personality dimensions; and theories of socialization and sex-role development. The text also describes the life-span perspective of creativity and cognitive styles; continuities in childhood and adult moral development revisited; and issues of intergenerational relations as they affect both individual socialization and continuity of culture. The interactional analysis of family attachments; social-learning theory as a framework for the study of adult personality development; person-perception research; and the perception of life-span development are also considered. The book further tackles the potential usefulness of the life-span developmental perspective in education; the strategies for enhancing human development over the life span through educational intervention; and some ecological implications for the organization of human intervention throughout the life span. Developmental psychologists, sociologists, gerontologists, and people involved in the study of child development will find the book invaluable.

Effective schools or improving schools are fashionable terms in the rhetoric of recent education movements, yet the heart of these movements is often more to do with teaching quality than with school practice. This book takes a holistic view of teacher development, examining the contexts and conditions of teaching: school leadership and culture; teachers' lives and histories; change; teacher learning, competence and expertise; and the moral purposes of teaching. Day looks at the conditions under which teacher development may be enhanced, and brings together research and other information, from the UK and overseas.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on e-Learning, e-Education, and Online Training, eLEOT 2019, held in Kunming, China, in August 2019. The 46 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. They focus on most recent and innovative trends in this broad area, ranging from distance education to collaborative learning, from interactive learning environments to the modelling of STEM (Science, Technology, Mathematics, Engineering) curricula.

Responding to the emerging needs of lifelong learners arguably represents one of the most fundamental challenges facing higher education systems of the countries of the developing world. At the start of the new century the concept of Lifelong Learning may indeed be counted as one of the the key organising concepts underlying public policy in many countries. The interpretation of the concept, however, remains highly contested. This timely book throws new light on the dramatic changes taking place in higher education through an exploration of the participation of "non-traditional" students in ten countries. Among others, the following areas are explored: * the complex reality behind the statistics on participation in higher education in five European countries (Austria, Germany, Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom), North America, Japan, Australia and New Zealand * contrasting perceptions of lifelong learning * changing patterns of participation by adults in higher education * national and institutional policies and innovations to accommodate non-traditional students and new forms of study * conclusions for policy, practice and research Higher Education for Lifelong Learners will be of interest to academics, researchers and students involved with higher education, lifelong learning, and comparative education as well as policy makers, educational managers and administrators. The contributions reveal a remarkable transformation in the student body and in the way learners pursue their studies, highlighting the international impact of increasing marketisation and differentiation on the nature of the higher education accessible to potential lifelong learners.

The concept of Bildung-Psychology, as developed by Christiane Spiel and her colleagues, combines ideas from developmental and educational psychology to describe educational processes with a strong focus on lifelong learning. Bildung-Psychology is concerned with all educational processes contributing to the development of individuals, as well as all conditions and measures potentially influencing these processes, and it aims to stimulate integrative use inspired basic research in the field of education. The structural model of Bildung-Psychology contains three dimensions: (1) the Bildung-career, (2) several functional areas, and (3) different levels of activities. The theoretical framework systematically classifies psychological actions in the field of education. This book combines theoretical pieces discussing important conceptual topics within Bildung-Psychology, with empirical contributions focused on different phases of the Bildung-career. The studies were conducted in countries across Europe, and across the various age-specific educational phases in the Bildung-career. This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Journal of Developmental Psychology.