Lepton and Baryon Number Violation in Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Title | Lepton and Baryon Number Violation in Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology PDF eBook |
Author | H. V. Klapdor-Kleingrothaus |
Publisher | CRC Press |
Pages | 786 |
Release | 1999-01-01 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 9780750306164 |
Bringing together leading researchers from particle physics, astrophysics, and cosmology, Lepton and Baryon Number Violation in Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology presents reviews of current theoretical ideas, experimental results, and future perspectives in this topical field. The book covers areas related to baryon number (B) and lepton number (L) violation in particle physics, nuclear physics, rare decays, and cosmology. The main topics include B and L violation and grand unified theories; B and L violation in the early universe, cosmology, and astrophysics; Lepton family number violation; and B and L violation and collider physics.
Lepton and Baryon Number Violation in Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology
Title | Lepton and Baryon Number Violation in Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology PDF eBook |
Author | Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus |
Publisher | |
Pages | 760 |
Release | 1999 |
Genre | Baryon number |
ISBN |
CP Violation in Particle Physics and Astrophysics
Title | CP Violation in Particle Physics and Astrophysics PDF eBook |
Author | J. Thanh Van Tran |
Publisher | |
Pages | 762 |
Release | 1990 |
Genre | Astrophysics |
ISBN |
The B−L Phase Transition
Title | The B−L Phase Transition PDF eBook |
Author | Kai Schmitz |
Publisher | Springer Science & Business Media |
Pages | 225 |
Release | 2013-10-30 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 331900963X |
Several of the very foundations of the cosmological standard model — the baryon asymmetry of the universe, dark matter, and the origin of the hot big bang itself — still call for an explanation from the perspective of fundamental physics. This work advocates one intriguing possibility for a consistent cosmology that fills in the theoretical gaps while being fully in accordance with the observational data. At very high energies, the universe might have been in a false vacuum state that preserved B-L, the difference between the baryon number B and the lepton number L as a local symmetry. In this state, the universe experienced a stage of hybrid inflation that only ended when the false vacuum became unstable and decayed, in the course of a waterfall transition, into a phase with spontaneously broken B-L symmetry. This B-L Phase Transition was accompanied by tachyonic preheating that transferred almost the entire energy of the false vacuum into a gas of B-L Higgs bosons, which in turn decayed into heavy Majorana neutrinos. Eventually, these neutrinos decayed into massless radiation, thereby producing the entropy of the hot big bang, generating the baryon asymmetry of the universe via the leptogenesis mechanism and setting the stage for the production of dark matter. Next to a variety of conceptual novelties and phenomenological predictions, the main achievement of the thesis is hence the fascinating notion that the leading role in the first act of our universe might have actually been played by neutrinos.
Cosmological Implications of Quantum Anomalies
Title | Cosmological Implications of Quantum Anomalies PDF eBook |
Author | Neil David Barrie |
Publisher | Springer |
Pages | 149 |
Release | 2018-07-21 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 331994715X |
The successes of the standard models of particle physics and cosmology are many, but have proven incapable of explaining all the phenomena that we observe. This book investigates the potentially important role of quantum physics, particularly quantum anomalies, in various aspects of modern cosmology, such as inflation, the dynamical generation of the visible and dark matter in the universe, and gravitational waves. By doing so, the authors demonstrate that exploring the links between cosmology and particle physics is key to helping solve the mysteries of our Universe.
Cosmo-99
Title | Cosmo-99 PDF eBook |
Author | U. Cotti |
Publisher | World Scientific |
Pages | 504 |
Release | 2000 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 9789810244569 |
This volume presents the newest results and developments in the fast-moving field of astroparticle physics. The following topics are covered: dark matter, baryogenesis, neutrino physics and astrophysics, inflation, topological defects, cosmic ray physics and cosmological implications of grand unification, supersymmetry, superstrings and extra dimensions.
Baryon and Lepton Numbers in Particle Physics Beyond the Standard Model
Title | Baryon and Lepton Numbers in Particle Physics Beyond the Standard Model PDF eBook |
Author | Jonathan Mark Arnold |
Publisher | |
Pages | 176 |
Release | 2014 |
Genre | Baryon number |
ISBN |
The works presented in this thesis explore a variety of extensions of the standard model of particle physics which are motivated by baryon number (B) and lepton number (L), or some combination thereof. In the standard model, both baryon number and lepton number are accidental global symmetries violated only by non-perturbative weak effects, though the combination B-L is exactly conserved. Although there is currently no evidence for considering these symmetries as fundamental, there are strong phenomenological bounds restricting the existence of new physics violating B or L. In particular, there are strict limits on the lifetime of the proton whose decay would violate baryon number by one unit and lepton number by an odd number of units. The first paper included in this thesis explores some of the simplest possible extensions of the standard model in which baryon number is violated, but the proton does not decay as a result. The second paper extends this analysis to explore models in which baryon number is conserved, but lepton flavor violation is present. Special attention is given to the processes of [Mu] to e conversion and [Mu] → e[Gamma] which are bound by existing experimental limits and relevant to future experiments. The final two papers explore extensions of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) in which both baryon number and lepton number, or the combination B-L, are elevated to the status of being spontaneously broken local symmetries. These models have a rich phenomenology including new collider signatures, stable dark matter candidates, and alternatives to the discrete R-parity symmetry usually built into the MSSM in order to protect against baryon and lepton number violating processes.