ICOM Education is the annual journal issued by CECA, the international Committee for Education and Cultural Action of the International Council of Museums (ICOM) network. The journal publishes papers written by museum professionals as well as academic researchers around the world in order to foster the reflection on the themes which are the committee's raison d'être: museum education, cultural action and audience research. This issue is dedicated to museum education, looking into the different meanings and understandings of the words as well as the various implementations in the museums all over the world.

Les pédagogies différenciées ne tournent pas le dos au projet de l'école qui reste de donner à tous une culture de base commune. Sans renoncer à diversifier tout ce qui peut l'être, leur enjeu est ailleurs : faire en sorte que tous les élèves aient un réel accès à cette culture, se l'approprient vraiment. Tenir compte des différences, c'est alors placer chacun dans des situations d'apprentissage optimales pour lui, c'est aller vers l'éducation sur mesure dont rêvait Claparède au début du siècle. Les pédagogies différenciées s'attaquent à ce défi. Si l'intention principale demeure stable, les façons de poser le problème se renouvellent : à l'enseignement individualisé, isolant l'élève face à des tâches papier-crayon, on cherche à substituer une différenciation à l'intérieur de situations didactiques complexes et ouvertes, confrontant chacun à ce qui fait obstacle, pour lui, à la construction des savoirs. On travaille sur le transfert et les compétences. On interroge la relation pédagogique, les fonctionnements de groupe, la distance culturelle, le sens des savoirs et du travail scolaire. Parallèlement, on construit des dispositifs d'individualisation des parcours de formation, on fait éclater les limites de la classe, on organise le suivi des progressions sur plusieurs années, on crée des cycles d'apprentissage, on invente une nouvelle organisation pédagogique. Philippe Perrenoud fait le point sur l'état des principaux chantiers de la pédagogie différenciée. Chacun est confronté au même dilemme : comment tenir compte des différences sans enfermer chacun dans sa singularité, son niveau, sa culture d'origine ?

Allowing learners to take some responsibility may seem obvious yet what is actually afforded to them, and how this process works, remains difficult to grasp. It is therefore essential to study the real objects of devolution and the roles played by the subjects involved. Devolution and Autonomy in Education questions the concept of devolution, introduced into the field of education in the 1980s from disciplinary didactics, and described in Guy Brousseau’s Theory of Didactical Situations in Mathematics as: the act by which the teacher makes the student take responsibility for a learning situation (adidactic) or problem and accepts the consequences of this transfer. The book revisits this concept through a variety of subject areas (mathematics, French, physical education, life sciences, digital learning, play) and educational domains (teaching, training, facilitation). Using these intersecting perspectives, this book also examines the purpose and timeline of the core process for thinking about autonomy and empowerment in education.

TOPICS IN THE BOOK Public Basic Schools in Southern Sudan and the Sultanate of Oman (Comparative Study) Using Differentiated Instruction to Promote Creativity, Critical Thinking and Learning: Perspective of Teachers Les compétences génériques recherchées chez les chefs d’établissement d’enseignement à l’ère de la direction au service des apprentissages des élèves Principals’ Teacher Management Strategies and Learners’Academic Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Kilifi Sub-County, Kenya Explore the Role of Different Cognitive Functions in Education The Performance of the Textiles and Apparel Sector and the Challenge of Environmental Sustainability in Ghana: A Qualitative Study

The basic aim of this special issue is to focus on the profound change of tendency in education that is taking place at both the national and interna tional level. At a time when education and lifelong learning are increasingly merging into one process, it is important to examine the ways in which edu cational policies and practices are evolving. Consequently, we invited a variety of contributors, both men and women, coming from different regions and encompassing both research and practice, to identify significant phenomena and trends that are indicative of the ways in which systems of education are responding to new social and cultural demands. We asked our contributors to show how educational reality in different countries is no longer confined within the temporal and spatial limits of institutional education, to indicate how models of educational practice are changing, to examine the extent to which the traditional cycles of human life are shifting their boundaries, and to describe how these changes are mani festing themselves in different national contexts in both South and North. We also asked our authors to pose questions raised by this educational revolution. We have included 17 contributions, some of the authors analysing par ticular national situations, others drawing questions and observations from their own experiences or taking a searching look at education from the perspective of a practical involvement in social iSl>ues or from a background of research into popular arts and traditions.