UN SYSTEME INFORMATISE D'AIDE A L'ENSEIGNEMENT, APPELE OUTIL DE G.D.A.O. (GESTION DIDACTIQUE ASSISTEE PAR ORDINATEUR), A ETE CONCU. IL AIDE PRECISEMENT L'ENSEIGNANT DANS LES TACHES INHERENTES A SA FONCTION. LA GDAO, EN INTERVENANT DANS LA GESTION PRATIQUE GENERALE DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT-APPRENTISSAGE, EST UN MEDIA PLUS EXHAUSTIF QUE L'EAO (ENSEIGNEMENT ASSISTE PAR ORDINATEUR) ET L'EIAO (ENSEIGNEMENT INTELLIGEMMENT ASSISTE PAR ORDINATEUR). UN MODELE DE TRAVAIL A ETE DEDUIT DES ACTIVITES INTRINSEQUES A L'ACTE D'ENSEIGNEMENT. LE MODULE CENTRAL DU MODELE EST LA FONCTION D'AIDE A LA SELECTION DE STRATEGIES DIDACTIQUES OU UNE APPROCHE SYSTEME EXPERT A ETE DELAISSEE, FAUTE DE CONNAISSANCES FIABLES SUR L'EXPERTISE PEDAGOGIQUE, POUR UNE APPROCHE AIDE MULTICRITERE A LA DECISION, PLUS SOUPLE. L'OUTIL DE GDAO EST ORGANISE AUTOUR D'UN SYSTEME DE GESTION DE BASE DE DONNEES. LA PREMIERE FONCTION AIDE A L'ANALYSE CONTEXTE: L'ENSEIGNANT DISPOSE, VIA NOTAMMENT UN TRAITEMENT DE TEXTE PILOTE PAR LE SGBD, D'INSTRUMENTS POUR SON ETUDE DE SITUATION. L'AUTRE FONCTION PRINCIPALE EST CELLE D'AIDE A LA DECISION DE MODALITES: L'ENSEIGNANT EVALUE D'ABORD LES STRATEGIES POTENTIELLES, PREALABLEMENT DEFINIES PAR VARIABLE DIDACTIQUE, POUR SES CRITERES DE CHOIX PERSONNELS. UN ALGORITHME DIT MULTICRITERE INTRA GDAO TRAITE ENSUITE LES EVALUATIONS PUIS PROPOSE A L'ENSEIGNANT UN CLASSEMENT DES MEILLEURES STRATEGIES (PROBLEME DE RECHERCHE OPERATIONNELLE), A APPLIQUER DANS LA CLASSE. LE PROLONGEMENT DE L'OUTIL D'AIDE A ETE EGALEMENT REALISE: EN ASSOCIANT, APRES DIVERSES SESSIONS DE TRAVAIL DE L'ENSEIGNANT SUR LE LOGICIEL, SES ANALYSES DE CONTEXTE ET PARALLELEMENT SES DECISIONS EFFECTIVEMENT PRISES, ON CONSTITUE UNE BASE DE CONNAISSANCES, PAR ENSEIGNANT, SUR LE RAISONNEMENT DIDACTIQUE. AINSI, L'APPROCHE DYNAMIQUE, PAR L'AIDE MULTICRITERE, CONDUIRAIT A TERME, APRES EMERGENCE DE CONNAISSANCES SUR LA DECISION DIDACTIQUE, A UNE APPROCHE PLUS SYSTEMATIQUE, PAR LE BIAIS DES SYSTEMES EXPERTS

This report reviews engineering's importance to human, economic, social and cultural development and in addressing the UN Millennium Development Goals. Engineering tends to be viewed as a national issue, but engineering knowledge, companies, conferences and journals, all demonstrate that it is as international as science. The report reviews the role of engineering in development, and covers issues including poverty reduction, sustainable development, climate change mitigation and adaptation. It presents the various fields of engineering around the world and is intended to identify issues and challenges facing engineering, promote better understanding of engineering and its role, and highlight ways of making engineering more attractive to young people, especially women.--Publisher's description.

Sustainable agriculture is a rapidly growing field aiming at producing food and energy in a sustainable way for humans and their children. Sustainable agriculture is a discipline that addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, poor-nation starvation, rich-nation obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control, and biodiversity depletion. Novel, environmentally-friendly solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from sciences as diverse as agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, and social sciences. Indeed, sustainable agriculture decipher mechanisms of processes that occur from the molecular level to the farming system to the global level at time scales ranging from seconds to centuries. For that, scientists use the system approach that involves studying components and interactions of a whole system to address scientific, economic and social issues. In that respect, sustainable agriculture is not a classical, narrow science. Instead of solving problems using the classical painkiller approach that treats only negative impacts, sustainable agriculture treats problem sources. Because most actual society issues are now intertwined, global, and fast-developing, sustainable agriculture will bring solutions to build a safer world.

Coinciding with the 50th anniversary of his death (August 27, 2015), one of Le Corbusier's most significant books becomes available again in English. We are doing a reprint of MIT Press's first edition of 1991, which again is based on the original French version of 1930, with an introduction added by the author in 1960. While the MIT Press version had black-and-white illustrations throughout, Park Books' new edition features some of Le Corbusier's drawings in color as they were in the earlier French editions. A new essay by British scholar Tim Benton, written for this new edition, contextualizes the book within Le Corbusier's oeuvre and comments on its lasting significance. An also new appendix explains specialist terms and provides background information on persons and historic events no longer necessarily known to a younger generation of architects. The Precisions, as the book is known commonly, emerged from a spontaneous and exuberant series of 10 lectures Le Corbusier gave in Buenos Aires during the fall of 1929. As he spoke, Le Corbusier improvised drawings on large sheets of paper with crayons. While similar drawings appear in other works, here all the lectures and images appear in their original context as Le Corbusier assembled them more than 80 years ago. The texts reflect a new maturity in Le Corbusier's thinking and an extreme confidence in the development of his ideas. The drawings and lectures are unique in their eloquent and concise summary of his philosophy of architecture and urban design, stating the principles that informed his work from the 1920s on. They contain some of his most compelling aphorisms, both verbal and visual, covering technique as the basis of architecture, the human scale in design, furniture, the private house, apartments and office buildings, the city, the League of Nations competition, teaching architecture, and a splendid analysis of the transformation of his own work in houses from La Roche-Jeanneret to the Villa Savoye. [Based on MIT Press's copy for their 1991 edition]

From classicism to comedy, Kubrick to the Coen Brothers, this practical and instructive guide offers a straightforward approach to film in an accessible format: a perfect read for novices and experts alike. A fresh, engaging, and beautifully illustrated volume, Talk About Cinema is the ideal companion for those looking to gain a deeper understanding of cinema today. The main genres of contemporary cinema are clearly defined and exemplified, and chapters on major dates, turning points, and "firsts" since the turn of the twentieth century allow the reader to contextualize different cinematic movements. From Postmodernism and Expressionism to Teen Movies, Westerns, and Science Fiction, all the major trends and styles of recent times are explored and provide a detailed picture of the contemporary cinematic landscape. The portraits of thirty eminent contemporary filmmakers offer valuable insight into the creative and stylistic processes of some of the greatest names in world cinema, while a chapter on twenty seminal works from the last century details those films that have proved inspirational in shaping cinema as we know it today, such as The Twilight Zone, Scarface, and Night of the Living Dead. Hundreds of screenshots and original photographs of legendary actors and directors on set and on screen provide snapshots of their glamorous world, and an easy-to-use glossary ensures that the reader is never overwhelmed by jargon. If you want to understand and discuss film-related topics, Talk About Cinema effortlessly synthesizes a wealth of pertinent facts and ideas into a fun, didactic, and readable volume.

This classic monograph on unsteady transonic flow — the flow of air encountered at speeds at or near the speed of sound — is of continuing interest to students and professionals in aerodynamics, fluid dynamics, and other areas of applied mathematics. After a brief Introduction, Swedish physicist Mårten T. Landahl presents a chapter in which the two-dimensional solution is derived, succeeded by a discussion of its relation to the subsonic and supersonic solutions. Three chapters on low aspect ratio configurations follow, covering triangular wings and similar planforms with curved leading edges, rectangular wings, and cropped delta wings, and low aspect ratio wing-body combinations. The treatment concludes with a consideration of the experimental determination of air forces on oscillating wings at transonic speeds.