In late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Korea, public health priorities in maternal and infant welfare privileged the new nation’s reproductive health and women’s responsibility for care work to produce novel organization of services in hospitals and practices in the home. The first monograph on this topic, Imperatives of Care places women and gender at the center of modern medical transformations in Korea. It outlines the professionalization of medicine, nursing, and midwifery, tracing their evolution from new legal and institutional infrastructures in public health and education, and investigates women’s experiences as health practitioners and patients, medical activities directed at women’s bodies, and the related knowledge and goods produced for and consumed by women. Sonja M. Kim draws on archival sources, some not previously explored, to foreground the ways individual women met challenges posed by uneven developments in medicine, intervened in practices aimed at them, andseized the evolving options that became available to promote their personal, familial, and professional interests. She demonstrates how medicine produced, and in turn was produced by, gendered expectations caught between the Korean reformist agenda, the American Protestant missionary enterprise, and Japanese imperialism.

Practitioners of Korean traditional medicine say the ultimate cause of disease is not so much the invasion of external elements but rather malfunctions in inherent bodily function. Since disease is considered to result from the weakening of vital energy, the emphasis is placed on boosting the body’s ability to defend against disease. Illness may be attributed to emotional states like joy or sorrow or to other internal causes such as overwork and fluctuations in the function of internal organs. Even diseases that appear to have external causes are ultimately seen as the products of internal factors. If one’s ability to fend off sickness is strong enough, then one will not get sick even if pathogens do enter the body. Thus, treatment focuses mainly on bolstering the body’s vital energy.

Modern medicine cannot effectively deal with allergies and autoimmune diseases. Although the symptoms can be temporarily controlled by drugs, the immune function, which is the root cause of the disease, is not an area that can be easily controlled by drugs. In Eight-Constitution medicine, by activating the body's immune function through a constitution-specific regimen and acupuncture method, various autoimmune diseases such as atopy, rheumatism, lupus, myasthenia gravis, and muscular diseases are successfully cured. The reason why Eight-Constitution medicine can cure these diseases is that Eight-constitution medicine is a natural healing method that the human body heals on its own. As an American certified public accountant(CPA), my specialty is accounting. I have worked as an accounting expert in my entire social life, so my medical knowledge is very limited. I learned Eight-Constitution medicine 5 years ago. At that time, the total class hours are 24 hours(3 hours a day for 8 days). And immediately, with the skill of a clumsy beginner, I used laser acupuncture to successfully heal at once my severe chest pain that had been seriously ache for 5 months. What does my treatment experience mean? Eight-Constitution Medicine is simple and clear, meaning that anyone who mechanically applies it will benefit. A total of 60 acupuncture points is used: 30 below the knee and 30 below the elbow(about 18 acupuncture points are sufficient for your own treatment). And if you perform acupuncture in a predetermined order to the acupuncture points for each constitution, the immunity will allow the body to heal on its own. Press a few buttons and the healing program will run in a body as if in a computer. This book shows the Creator's secret coding to activate the immunity. It presents a way to solve the limitations of modern medicine. With this book, even ordinary people can do what only the world-class oriental medicine doctors can do, and can go beyond the limits of modern medicine! If you are suffering from health problems, find a miracle through this book. It also helps to cope with COVID-19 and its sequelae with Eight-Constitution medicine. If you follow this book, anyone can accurately diagnose 8 constitutions. How wonderful it would be if any ordinary people can diagnose 8 constitutions and apply it to your diet. There are many cases in which eight-constitution regimen alone has led to miraculous healing, some of them have been introduced in this book. There are countless ways to classify physical constitutions in the world. Isn't Eight-Constitution medicine one of those common ways to classify constitutions? Among the various constitutional classification methods, only Eight-Constitution Medicine has acupuncture to verify the diagnosis result of constitutions! If the diagnosis is wrong in Eight-Constitution medicine, side effects occur in performing acupuncture. Eight-Constitution medicine acupuncture is the safest in the world because it does not have any side effects as long as the diagnosis of constitutions is accurate and acupuncture formula for each constitution is correctly applied.

Traditional medicine plays a crucial role in maintaining health, diagnosing diseases, and providing treatment. The World Health Organization's Global Report on Traditional and Complementary Medicine 2019 highlights the increasing recognition of traditional and complementary medicine in national health systems worldwide. With its widespread availability and growing demand, traditional medicine contributes to the goal of universal healthcare by offering accessible, safe, and effective services.In this book, the authors seek to review and summarize the history, current state, and future potential of mainstream traditional medicine worldwide, as well as promote the integration of traditional and conventional medicine, serving as a valuable reference for policymakers, academic institutions, and stakeholders. This book encompasses nine chapters, covering Ayurveda, chiropractic, European Traditional Herbal Medicine, Greco-Arab and Islamic Herbal Medicine, Homeopathy, Japanese Kampo, Korean Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Thai Medicine.

Originally this book was published in Korea under the title Were There Sciences in Korean History? in Korean. The author selected two dozen topics from the history of science in Korea, to present a survey of Korean science to the general public. Now this is translated into English for international readers, with slight modifications to the original Korean version. This is author's way of interpreting Korea's proud scientific traditions, as well as his interpretations of why Korea had to be late in the introduction of advanced Western sciences in the nineteenth century and thereafter, hopefully for the better understanding of Korean history for the general readers, as much as professional historians.