Alexandra Robinson examines the letter of Jude in the light of repeated scholarly references to this source as an invective, a polemic, and an attack speech, with a dependence on both Jewish and Greco-Roman sources. Moving beyond the 'Hellenism/Judaism divide', Robinson specifies what these elements are, and how they relate to the harsh nature of the discourse. This study shows how, where, and why Jude borrows from these contemporary genres, with a detailed survey of Greco-Roman invectives and Jewish judgement oracles; comparing and contrasting them to the epistle of Jude with consideration of structure, aims, themes, and style. Robinson argues that Jude has constructed a 'Jewish invective,' and that his epistle is a polemical text which takes the form (structure, aims, and style) of a typical Greco-Roman invective but is filled with Jewish content (themes and allusions), drawing on Israel's heritage for the benefit of his primarily Jewish– Christian audience.

In the growing field of Jude studies, the epistle is repeatedly referred to as an invective, a polemic, and an attack speech. Commentators also note Jude's dependence on both Jewish and Greco-Roman sources. The challenge, as Frey comments, 'is to render more specifically what the Jewish and Hellenistic elements of Jude's position are,' and in this case, how they relate to the harsh nature of the discourse. A more in-depth study, then, is required to discover precisely how, where, and why Jude borrows from these contemporary genres. In what follows, I make a detailed survey of Greco-Roman invectives and Jewish judgment oracles with the aim of comparing and contrasting them to the epistle of Jude. By examining the structure, aims, themes, and style of these texts, I will show to what degree Jude has been influenced by Greco-Roman invective and Jewish judgment oracles in the composition of this brief but detailed letter. In the end, I will argue that Jude has constructed a 'Jewish invective.' His epistle is a polemical text which takes the form (structure, aims, and style) of a typical Greco-Roman invective but is filled with Jewish content (themes and allusions), drawing on Israel's heritage for the benefit of his primarily Jewish-Christian audience.

The enchanting and bloodthirsty sequel to the New York Times bestselling novel The Cruel Prince. You must be strong enough to strike and strike and strike again without tiring. The first lesson is to make yourself strong. After the jaw-dropping revelation that Oak is the heir to Faerie, Jude must keep her brother safe. To do so, she has bound the wicked king, Cardan, to her, and made herself the power behind the throne. Navigating the constantly shifting political alliances of Faerie would be difficult enough if Cardan were easy to control. But he does everything in his power to humiliate and undermine her even as his fascination with her remains undiminished. When it becomes all too clear that someone close to Jude means to betray her, threatening her own life and the lives of everyone she loves, Jude must uncover the traitor and fight her own complicated feelings for Cardan to maintain control as a mortal in a Faerie world.

This commentary on The Letter of Jude engages the Greek text and is designed for pastors, theological students, and lay readers. Jude, a brother of Jesus, warns members of the early Jesus movement against intruders in their midst and exhorts those believers not to deviate from the fundamental tenets of “the faith” in behavior and belief. It also provides a unique analysis that links Jude with 1 Corinthians in terms of their authors’ literary style, Jewish backgrounds, and closely correlated descriptions of the errorists described in both letters. The Letter of Jude is highly relevant to Christians in the twenty-first century. Even many of those now calling themselves evangelical have abandoned any pretence to adhering to biblical doctrines. This commentary seeks to emphasise Jude’ message: contend for biblical truth, and live so that the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ is alive, true, and liberating.

NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • A stunning “portrait of the enduring grace of friendship” (NPR) about the families we are born into, and those that we make for ourselves. A masterful depiction of love in the twenty-first century. NATIONAL BOOK AWARD FINALIST • MAN BOOKER PRIZE FINALIST • WINNER OF THE KIRKUS PRIZE A Little Life follows four college classmates—broke, adrift, and buoyed only by their friendship and ambition—as they move to New York in search of fame and fortune. While their relationships, which are tinged by addiction, success, and pride, deepen over the decades, the men are held together by their devotion to the brilliant, enigmatic Jude, a man scarred by an unspeakable childhood trauma. A hymn to brotherly bonds and a masterful depiction of love in the twenty-first century, Hanya Yanagihara’s stunning novel is about the families we are born into, and those that we make for ourselves. Look for Hanya Yanagihara’s latest bestselling novel, To Paradise.

Jude is a short letter making it easy to read entirely in one sitting. Yet the letter is rarely read, and it is not a popular text for teaching and preaching. Jude is a warning to an early Christian community about a group of itinerant teachers bearing a message that Jude considers incompatible with the apostolic gospel. The teaching and practice of these people puts them into a class of individuals who, according to Scripture, incur God's wrath and judgment. Jude stresses that there is guaranteed judgment on those who live outside the normalized instruction and teach others to do the same. The importance of a lifestyle that adheres with biblical teaching is just as crucial today as it was in the early church. This commentary highlights the oral and performative nature of the first-century Mediterranean world. Jude was situated in this oral context, and it decisively shaped the form and delivery of the epistle while also enhancing its content. One cannot separate the content of a message from how a message comes to expression. This commentary aims to show the relationship between expression and content, demonstrating that there is not only value in what Jude says but in how he says it.