The five-year period from 1841 to 1846 saw the beginning of Jefferson Davis’ political career. In this, the second volume of The Papers of Jefferson Davis, the documents cover Davis’ unsuccessful race for the state legislature, his selection as a Democratic state elector, his marriage to Varina Howell, his election to the U.S. House of Representatives, and his departure therefrom to assume command of the First Mississippi Regiment in the Mexican War. In the congressional documents Davis emerges as a hardworking freshman representative who quickly won for himself the respect and esteem of his fellow congressmen. There were, however, notable exceptions. One such exception was Andrew Johnson, a tailor by trade, who strongly resented Davis’ remark on the floor of the House that a “blacksmith or tailor” could not be expected to achieve the same results in battle as a trained military man. In the somewhat bitter exchange that followed, some have professed to see the beginnings of the long-standing animosity between Johnson and Davis. The 255 documents in this volume (two appendixes contain undated and late-arriving items) provide a clear picture of Jefferson Davis, the man and the politician, and give an intimate view of Mississippi in the 1840s. Throughout the volume are rumblings of the then distant storm that was to break so disastrously over the nation in the 1860s.

“The New Year . . . comes in auspiciously for us,” Jefferson Davis proclaimed in January, 1863, and indeed there were grounds for optimism within the Confederacy. By September, however, various hopes for ending the conflict with the North had given way to the harsh realities of a prolonged war, increasingly confined to southern soil. Although Davis suffered poor health during much of the nine-month period, he remained an active and vital leader. Volume 9 of The Papers of Jefferson Davis gives a vivid picture of the tasks he faced. Military matters consumed most of Davis’ time. Already strained relations with Joseph E. Johnston worsened in the spring, and he was eventually relieved of his overall command of the western armies. Surrenders at Vicksburg and Port Hudson ended Confederate access to the Mississippi River, and in the East, Robert E. Lee’s stunning victory at Chancellorsville was blotted out by bloody repulse south of Gettysburg. Correspondence from Europe reveals what Davis knew of the Erlanger loan and the diminishing chances of French and British intervention. As problems for the Confederacy mounted, discontent grew. Davis received complaints from across the young country, the conscription system being of particular concern. In April he saw firsthand the unhappiness over limited resources as he took to the streets to help calm the Richmond bread riot. Over 2,000 documents, many never before published, are included in Volume 9. Eighty-one are printed with annotation, 242 more in full text, and about 1,750 others are calendared in summary form. They show Davis fighting to maintain morale and military cohesion during one of the Confederacy’s most difficult periods.

At the end of Volume 2 Jefferson Davis had left Congress to become a colonel in the First Mississippi Regiment. The first item in this volume is a speech as he prepares to leave on a riverboat to serve in the Mexican War. The years 1846 through 1848 see Davis play a conspicuous role in the war and in the subsequent political clashes and controversies over slavery.Volume 3 details Davis' first experience in battle as an officer of a regiment as well as his initial term as a U.S. senator. He received both praise and criticism for his leadership in Mexico. In 1847 he returned to Mississippi a wounded hero of national fame, refused a brigadier generalship, and took his place in the U.S. Senate.There are several items of correspondence with Zachary Taylor that shed light on Taylor's attitude toward the proposed nomination that would lead to his election as president in 1848. Davis' first wife was Taylor's daughter; and in spite of political and family differences the two men maintained a close friendship. In a major speech in July, 1848, Davis protested the formal prohibition of slavery from the Oregon Territory; he then voted for the Senate's compromise bill on Oregon.Volume 3 of The Papers of Jefferson Davis includes letters to and from Davis, his speeches in chronological order, and other documents, further illuminating Davis' character, opinions, philosophy, and personal relationships as well as continuing the development of his military career.