This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style.

Muhammad: a frank look at his influential (and violent) life and teachings In The Truth about Muhammad, New York Times bestselling author and Islam expert Robert Spencer offers an honest and telling portrait of the founder of Islam-perhaps the first such portrait in half a century-unbounded by fear and political correctness, unflinching, and willing to face the hard facts about Muhammad's life that continue to affect our world today. From Muhammad's first "revelation" from Allah (which filled him with terror that he was demonpossessed) to his deathbed (from which he called down curses upon Jews and Christians), it's all here-told with extensive documentation from the sources that Muslims themselves consider most reliable about Muhammad. Spencer details Muhammad's development from a preacher of hellfire and damnation into a political and military leader who expanded his rule by force of arms, promising his warriors luridly physical delights in Paradise if they were killed in his cause. He explains how the Qur'an's teaching on warfare against unbelievers developed-with constant war to establish the hegemony of Islamic law as the last stage. Spencer also gives the truth about Muhammad's convenient "revelations" justifying his own licentiousness; his joy in the brutal murders of his enemies; and above all, his clear marching orders to his followers to convert non-Muslims to Islam-or force them to live as inferiors under Islamic rule. In The Truth about Muhammad, you'll learn - The truth about Muhammad's multiple marriages (including one to a nine-year-old) - How Muhammad set legal standards that make it virtually impossible to prove rape in Islamic countries - How Muhammad's example justifies jihad and terrorism - The real "Satanic verses" incident (not the Salman Rushdie version) that remains a scandal to Muslims - How Muhammad's faulty knowledge of Judaism and Christianity has influenced Islamic theology--and colored Muslim relations with Jews and Christians to this day. Recognizing the true nature of Islam, Spencer argues, is essential for judging the prospects for largescale Islamic reform, the effective prosecution of the War on Terror, the democracy project in Afghanistan and Iraq, and immigration and border control to protect the United States from terrorism. All of which makes it crucial for every citizen (and policymaker) who loves freedom to read and ponder The Truth about Muhammad

`` Behold all that is around you on earth: things, plants, insects, animals, birds and fishes…. Don't you see that they have accurate systems governing and guiding their life? Behold all that is above you in space: sun, moon, planets, stars, clouds, wind…etc., are not they all functioning properly and accurately and rendering valuable services to our life on earth? Think of yourself, of your organs, of your numerous and efficient body systems, how they are cooperatively functioning to secure healthful life for you! 5. Who created all these fantastic things? Who established their accurate systems? Who is controlling this huge and complicated universe? 6. No one dared so far to claim creating, or being able to create, any single thing, even a hair!! The Creator and The Sustainer of all these creatures is One only; if there were more than one there would have been confusion in the heavens and the earth! That One is Allah (the Only true God). It is very logical, then, to acknowledge this fact, to know our Creator and Provider, to be grateful to Him and to submit ourselves and our life to His Wise and Merciful Guidance. Our Creator has endowed us with intellect to understand, and with freedom to choose the right path. Allah has showed us the right path through His Messengers sealed by Muhammad, and His Books completed by Al-Qur’an. In front of us there are two ways: One is leading to bliss in this life and in the Hereafter, that is Islam. The other is leading to misery and loss in this world, and to eternal punishment in the Hereafter. Choice is in our hands, what are we going to choose? May Allah guide us into the Right Path! Amen! ``