Chapter Three MODIFIED ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING: INCLUDING THE ROLE OF FUND BALANCES AND BUDGETARY AUTHORITY -- Modified Accrual Accounts -- Balance Sheet Accounts -- Financial Statement Activity Accounts -- Budgetary Accounts -- Expenditure Cycle -- Revenue Recognition for Nonexchange Transactions -- Summary -- Appendix: Budgetary Accounting Illustrated -- Budgets and Budgetary Accounts -- Accounting for Revenues -- Accounting for Encumbrances and Expenditures -- Budget Revisions -- Budgetary Comparison Schedule -- Chapter Four ACCOUNTING FOR THE GENERAL AND SPECIAL REVENUE FUNDS

Covers all facets of accounting for governmental and not-for-profit organizations. This book is intended for readers concerned with the preparation and analysis of financial statements and auditing of governmental and nonprofit entities.

Copley’s Essentials of Accounting for Governmental and Not-for-Profit Organizations, 10e is best suited for those professors whose objective is to provide more concise coverage than what is available in larger texts. The main focus of this text is on the preparation of external financial statements which is a challenge among governmental reporting. The approach in this edition is similar to that used in practice. Specifically, day to day events are recorded at the fund level using the basis of accounting for fund financial statements. Governmental activities are recorded using the modified accrual basis. The fund-basis statements are then used as input in the preparation of government-wide statements. The preparation of government-wide statements is presented in an Excel worksheet. This approach has two advantages: (1) it is the approach most commonly applied in practice, and (2) it is an approach familiar to students who have studied the process of consolidation in their advanced accounting classes. State and local government reporting is illustrated using an ongoing example integrated throughout Chapters 3 through 8 and 13. This edition incorporates all of the FASB, GASB, GAO and AICPA pronouncements passed since the last edition.