This experimental study was carried out at a free-stream Mach number of 0.6 and a Reynolds number per foot of 3.45 x 106. The magnitudes of the wall-pressure fluctuations agree with the Lilley-Hodgson theoretical results. Space-time correlations of the wall-pressure fluctuations generally agree with Willmarth's results for longitudinal separation distances. The convection velocity of the fluctuations is found to increase with increasing separation distances, and its significance is explained. Measurements with the longitudinal component of the velocity fluctuations indicate that the contributions to the wall-pressure fluctuations are from two regions, an inner region near the wall and an outer region linked with the intermittency.

The study of pressure-velocity correlation in turbulent flow was extended to turbulent boundary layer flow over a roughened wall in the absence of a longitudinal pressure gradient. The results obtained are qualitatively similar to those previously measured over smooth walls. A theory is presented to partially explain the behavior of the measured correlations in both the smooth-wall and rough-wall cases.

A combination of visual and quantitative measurements is presented, providing a physical picture of the turbulent boundary layer flow structure on a flat plate. The flow structure is shown to consist of three zones, each zone has a one to one correspondence to the well known regions of the u+, y+ mean velocity profile. A wall layer region is shown to exist below y+ = 10. An apparently fully turbulent region exists corresponding to the logarithmic ''law of the wall'' and the ''buffer'' region. An intermittent zone appears to agree closely with the ''wake'' deviation region. An entirely new result of the investigation is the delineation of the structure of the wall layer region. This region is shown to contain a relatively regular structure of low and high velocity fluid streaks alternating in the span direction, together with the ejection of low momentum fluid into the outer flow. Correlations are given for the rate of ejection and the streak spacing. A qualitative description of other features of the wall layer region and the character of the remainder of the boundary layer flow structure is presented. (Author).

This research investigates the effect of pressure gradient on wall-pressure fluctuations in turbulent boundary layers using a delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES) turbulence scheme. The results are compared to Goody's and Efimtsov's empirical single-point wall-pressure spectrum models. Three different types of pressure gradient conditions were investigated numerically: zero pressure gradient (Flat Plate as a baseline model), favorable pressure gradient (Convex 10, 20, and 40 Plates), and adverse pressure gradient (Concave 10, 20, and 40 Plates). The numerical results were subsequently compared with each other. For the zero pressure gradient case, results compared well with empirical solutions. It was observed that, for cases with adverse pressure gradients, the pressure fluctuations were more chaotic than for the favorable pressure gradient models. In contrast, the favorable pressure gradient models induced lower frequency noise relative to adverse pressure gradient models.

Experimental investigation in turbulent boundary layer flows represents one of the canonical geometries of wall bounded shear flows. Utmost relevance of such experiments, however, is applied in the engineering applications in aerospace and marine industries. In particular, continuous effort is being imparted to explore the underlying physics of the flow in order to develop models for numerical tools and to achieve flow control. Flow control experiments have been widely investigated since 1930’s. Several flow control technique has been explored and have shown potential benefit. But the choice of control technique depends largely on the boundary condition and the type of application. Hence, friction drag of subsonic transport aircraft is intended to be reduced within the scope of this Ph. D. topic. Therefore, application of active control method such as microblowing effect in the incompressible, zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer was investigated. A series of experiments have been performed in two different wind tunnel facilities. Wind tunnel from Department of Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics (LAS) was used for the measurements for moderate Reynolds number range in co-operation with the wind tunnel from Laboratoire de M´ecanique de Feiret Lille for large Reynolds number range. Measurements are conducted with the help of state-of-the-art techniques such as Laser Doppler Anemometry, Particle Image Velocimetry and electronic pressure sensors.