International Review of Agriculture

International Review of Agriculture
Title International Review of Agriculture PDF eBook
Author
Publisher
Pages 72
Release 1917
Genre Agriculture
ISBN

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Consists of Bulletin of agricultural science and practice (formerly International review of the science and practice of agriculture), Bulletin of agricultural economics and sociology (formerly International review of agricultural economics), International bulletin of plant protection (except issues for 1929-30) and Crop report and statistics (except issues for 1927-28). All four parts are also issued separately.

International Review of the Science and Practice of Agriculture

International Review of the Science and Practice of Agriculture
Title International Review of the Science and Practice of Agriculture PDF eBook
Author
Publisher
Pages 444
Release 1910
Genre Agriculture
ISBN

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International Review of Agriculture

International Review of Agriculture
Title International Review of Agriculture PDF eBook
Author
Publisher
Pages 434
Release 1946
Genre Agriculture
ISBN

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Vols. for 1931- include Bulletin of agricultural economics and sociology, Crop report and agricultural statistics, Bulletin of agricultural science and practice, International bulletin of plant protection.

International Review of Agricultural Economics

International Review of Agricultural Economics
Title International Review of Agricultural Economics PDF eBook
Author
Publisher
Pages 1428
Release 1912
Genre Agriculture
ISBN

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Civic Agriculture

Civic Agriculture
Title Civic Agriculture PDF eBook
Author Thomas A. Lyson
Publisher UPNE
Pages 162
Release 2012-05-22
Genre Business & Economics
ISBN 1611683033

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A engaging analysis of food production in the United States emphasizing that sustainable agricultural development is important to community health.

International Review Of The Science And Practice Of Agriculture

International Review Of The Science And Practice Of Agriculture
Title International Review Of The Science And Practice Of Agriculture PDF eBook
Author
Publisher
Pages
Release 1916
Genre
ISBN

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Women’s Empowerment and Nutrition

Women’s Empowerment and Nutrition
Title Women’s Empowerment and Nutrition PDF eBook
Author Mara van den Bold
Publisher Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Pages 80
Release 2013-11-01
Genre Social Science
ISBN

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Many development programs that aim to alleviate poverty and improve investments in human capital consider women’s empowerment a key pathway by which to achieve impact and often target women as their main beneficiaries. Despite this, women’s empowerment dimensions are often not rigorously measured and are at times merely assumed. This paper starts by reflecting on the concept and measurement of women’s empowerment and then reviews some of the structural interventions that aim to influence underlying gender norms in society and eradicate gender discrimination. It then proceeds to review the evidence of the impact of three types of interventions—cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs—on women’s empowerment, nutrition, or both. Qualitative evidence on conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs generally points to positive impacts on women’s empowerment, although quantitative research findings are more heterogenous. CCT programs produce mixed results on long-term nutritional status, and very limited evidence exists of their impacts on micronutrient status. The little evidence available on unconditional cash transters (UCT) indicates mixed impacts on women’s empowerment and positive impacts on nutrition; however, recent reviews comparing CCT and UCT programs have found little difference in terms of their effects on stunting and they have found that conditionality is less important than other factors, such as access to healthcare and child age and sex. Evidence of cash transfer program impacts depending on the gender of the transfer recipient or on the conditionality is also mixed, although CCTs with non-health conditionalities seem to have negative impacts on nutritional status. The impacts of programs based on the gender of the transfer recipient show mixed results, but almost no experimental evidence exists of testing gender-differentiated impacts of a single program. Agricultural interventions—specifically home gardening and dairy projects—show mixed impacts on women’s empowerment measures such as time, workload, and control over income; but they demonstrate very little impact on nutrition. Implementation modalities are shown to determine differential impacts in terms of empowerment and nutrition outcomes. With regard to the impact of microfinance on women’s empowerment, evidence is also mixed, although more recent reviews do not find any impact on women’s empowerment. The impact of microfinance on nutritional status is mixed, with no evidence of impact on micronutrient status. Across all three types of programs (cash transfer programs, agricultural interventions, and microfinance programs), very little evidence exists on pathways of impact, and evidence is often biased toward a particular region. The paper ends with a discussion of the findings and remaining evidence gaps and an outline of recommendations for research.