Intellectual Property Rights, Trade and Biodiversity
Title | Intellectual Property Rights, Trade and Biodiversity PDF eBook |
Author | Graham Dutfield |
Publisher | Earthscan |
Pages | 240 |
Release | 2000 |
Genre | Law |
ISBN | 1849776237 |
This text examines the international agreements governing trade in genetic resources - crucial resources for world agriculture, food security and large industries such as pharmaceuticals. Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) in these resources are critical for those involved in the trade, including industry and developing countries. The book analyzes the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), World Trade Organization agreements and other agreements. It explains how they can be integrated into an equitable training regime.
People, Plants, and Patents
Title | People, Plants, and Patents PDF eBook |
Author | Crucible Group |
Publisher | IDRC |
Pages | 142 |
Release | 1994 |
Genre | Biodiversity |
ISBN | 0889367256 |
People, Plants and Patents: The impact of intellectual property on biodiversity, conservation, trade and rural society
Intellectual Property Rights
Title | Intellectual Property Rights PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | World Conservation Union |
Pages | 0 |
Release | 1999 |
Genre | Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights |
ISBN | 9782831705033 |
This pamphlet analyses how the aims of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and its provision for intellectual property rights (IPRs), interact with international trade rules, particularly in the issues of seeds and plant varieties.
Intellectual Property Rights Trade and Biodiversity
Title | Intellectual Property Rights Trade and Biodiversity PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | |
Pages | |
Release | 2000 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Intellectual Property, Biodiversity and Sustainable Development
Title | Intellectual Property, Biodiversity and Sustainable Development PDF eBook |
Author | Kok Peng Khor |
Publisher | Zed Books |
Pages | 108 |
Release | 2002-12 |
Genre | Business & Economics |
ISBN | 9781842772355 |
Intellectual property rights are a major source of controversy. Corporations are now patenting human genes, plants and other biological materials, many of which exist in nature or have been used for generations by farmers and indigenous peoples. Martin Khor examines the biopiracy phenomenon, its links to the TRIPS Agreement, and its various effects.
Intellectual Property Rights and the Life Science Industries
Title | Intellectual Property Rights and the Life Science Industries PDF eBook |
Author | Graham Dutfield |
Publisher | Routledge |
Pages | 301 |
Release | 2017-03-02 |
Genre | Law |
ISBN | 1351927132 |
This book analyses the history of the international patent regime and the life science industries, both of which can be traced back to the late 19th century. The development of patent law is inextricably linked to expanding capacities to elucidate, manipulate and commercially exploit the molecular properties of micro-organisms, plants, animals and other organic raw materials. The story of the life science industries begins with the European synthetic dyestuff firms and culminates in present-day conglomerates like Aventis, Novartis and Pharmacia. Throughout the last century, chemical, pharmaceutical, seed and biotechnology firms were actively involved in reforming patent law and plant variety rights. The major beneficiaries have been the largest firms whose market dominance and influence over peoples' lives - aided by friendly intellectual property laws - has never been greater. This sparkling and stimulating book reveals the key repercussions caused by the expansion of life science industries for issues of international equity, public health, food security and biological diversity.
Intellectual Property, Biogenetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge
Title | Intellectual Property, Biogenetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge PDF eBook |
Author | Graham Dutfield |
Publisher | Routledge |
Pages | 273 |
Release | 2010-09-23 |
Genre | Law |
ISBN | 1136536280 |
Biogenetic resources - the critical biological and chemical materials that underpin so much of medicine, both modern and traditional, agriculture, and wider economic activity in so many fields - are at the centre of heated debate regarding their use, development, and ownership, and the issues of ethics and equity that impinge on all of these factors. This book is a comprehensive examination of the key issues, institutions and ideologies in this area, presenting definitions and explanations of the fundamentals of intellectual property rights (IPRs), biogenetic resources and traditional knowledge. It uses the insights from this to build a picture of how these factors interact in practice, bringing to the surface issues such as: the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, benefit sharing from the commercial use of biodiversity, biotechnological innovation and the transfer of technology, agriculture, food security, rural development, health and international justice. Part 1 describes the relevant international IPR laws, highlights the extent to which modern commerce depends on such resources, and traces the way in which modern IPR law has evolved to accommodate this dependence. Part 2 shows how stronger IPR protection in the area of life science innovation has given rise to controversies such as 'biopiracy', 'terminator' genes and genetic uniformity. Part 3 focuses on traditional knowledge, its nature, its importance, and the applicability of IPR-style protection. Part 4 covers the international negotiation and policy-making of the WTO, WIPO and CBD and the legislative initiatives of national governments of Asia, Africa and Latin America. Finally, Part 5 focuses on two developing country case studies - of India and Kenya - assessing whether they will be able to gain economic benefit from development of their natural resources within the current regulatory system and whether this will encourage the conservation and sustainable use of the resource base. With its multidisciplinary approach and breadth of coverage, this book will appeal both to those new to the subject and to those with professional and specialist interest, including students, academics, legal practitioners, government policy-makers and the private sector.