Written and edited by leading international authorities in the field, this book provides an in-depth review of knowledge of the incidental findings of the nervous system, with emphasis on asymptomatic brain and spinal lesions that have the potential to cause illness. It includes very informative chapters, organized into four main groups: first, incidental findings of the brain and cranium, including intracranial, intraventricular and skull base lesions, infarcts and calcification; secondly, incidental findings of the spine and spinal cord, including spinal cord tumors, syringomyelia, arteriovenous malformations and craniovertebral junction anomalies; thirdly, incidental findings of the spinal nerves and peripheral nerves, including tumors of the plexi and peripheral nerves; and fourthly, other lesions, including acquired incidental lesions of the brain and spine as well as the medicolegal and psychiatric aspects related to these lesions. The uniqueness of this compilation lies in the fact that several abnormalities exist in the nervous system that have the potential to cause life threatening illness; yet because they are asymptomatic and incidental, this leads to major management dilemmas related to whether or not to surgically the lesion. The proponents of an early surgical management subscribe to the philosophy that getting rid of an entity earlier on when it is asymptomatic, leads to an early cure and obviates any risk of it becoming aggressive and incurable later on; those opting for a ‘wait and watch’ policy subscribe to the view that no intervention (as well as subjecting the patient to the risk of surgery) is mandated until the lesion becomes symptomatic. This may subject a person to a lifetime of anxiety related to how that lesion is going to evolve, when in all likelihood, the subject may remain asymptomatic throughout his/her life. The psychological aspects of the patient who is extremely disturbed by the presence of this incidental lesion; and, who cannot adjust to the reality that the treating doctor actually does not have a well-defined plan for it, are issues that are adequately addressed with clinical illustrations and examples. This comprehensive reference book will be an ideal source for neuroscientists at all levels, from graduate students to researchers in specific disciplines studying this region, including neurosurgeons, neurologists, neuroradiologists, neuropathologists and psychiatrists, who seek both basic and more advanced information regarding the incidental findings of the nervous system.

Written and edited by leading international authorities in the field, this book provides an in-depth review of knowledge of the incidental findings of the nervous system, with emphasis on asymptomatic brain and spinal lesions that have the potential to cause illness. It includes very informative chapters, organized into four main groups: first, incidental findings of the brain and cranium, including intracranial, intraventricular and skull base lesions, infarcts and calcification; secondly, incidental findings of the spine and spinal cord, including spinal cord tumors, syringomyelia, arteriovenous malformations and craniovertebral junction anomalies; thirdly, incidental findings of the spinal nerves and peripheral nerves, including tumors of the plexi and peripheral nerves; and fourthly, other lesions, including acquired incidental lesions of the brain and spine as well as the medicolegal and psychiatric aspects related to these lesions. The uniqueness of this compilation lies in the fact that several abnormalities exist in the nervous system that have the potential to cause life threatening illness; yet because they are asymptomatic and incidental, this leads to major management dilemmas related to whether or not to surgically the lesion. The proponents of an early surgical management subscribe to the philosophy that getting rid of an entity earlier on when it is asymptomatic, leads to an early cure and obviates any risk of it becoming aggressive and incurable later on; those opting for a ‘wait and watch’ policy subscribe to the view that no intervention (as well as subjecting the patient to the risk of surgery) is mandated until the lesion becomes symptomatic. This may subject a person to a lifetime of anxiety related to how that lesion is going to evolve, when in all likelihood, the subject may remain asymptomatic throughout his/her life. The psychological aspects of the patient who is extremely disturbed by the presence of this incidental lesion; and, who cannot adjust to the reality that the treating doctor actually does not have a well-defined plan for it, are issues that are adequately addressed with clinical illustrations and examples. This comprehensive reference book will be an ideal source for neuroscientists at all levels, from graduate students to researchers in specific disciplines studying this region, including neurosurgeons, neurologists, neuroradiologists, neuropathologists and psychiatrists, who seek both basic and more advanced information regarding the incidental findings of the nervous system.

A multidisciplinary guide to managing incidental findings in neuroimaging from top experts Incidental Findings in Neuroimaging and Their Management: A Guide for Radiologists, Neurosurgeons, and Neurologists presents a streamlined, case-based approach to 50 commonly seen incidental findings in neuroimaging. Edited by Kaye Westmark, Dong Kim, and Roy Riascos, this unique book provides the necessary knowledge to manage significant unexpected findings—from identification and analysis to efficacious interventions. With collaborative contributions from neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, otolaryngologists, body and musculoskeletal imaging experts, endocrinologists and hematologists/oncologists, this resource encompasses a wide spectrum of incidental findings. Organized by six sections, the book starts with normal variants that are extremely important to recognize in order to avoid unwarranted additional testing and unnecessary stress for the patient. Subsequent sections detail abnormalities that require extensive clinical evaluation in order to determine ideal management. These include incidental findings for extracranial, extra-spinal, intracranial, and intraspinal imaging. The final section outlines CT and MR imaging artifacts that are particularly concerning because they may mimic more dangerous pathologies while degrading imaging quality and obscuring real findings. Key Features Key findings and differential diagnosis are listed for each entity Diagnostic decision trees present algorithms in an easy-to-understand manner Artifact analyses explain the technical reason for each artifact and what can be done to mitigate effects Clinical Q&As connect the radiologic diagnosis with actual case management decisions and provide in-depth background information that is applicable to management in various scenarios This essential guide will help trainee and practicing neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, and neurologists interpret incidental spine and brain imaging findings and make clinically informed, complex treatment decisions.

A multidisciplinary guide to managing incidental findings in neuroimaging from top experts Incidental Findings in Neuroimaging and Their Management: A Guide for Radiologists, Neurosurgeons, and Neurologists presents a streamlined, case-based approach to 50 commonly seen incidental findings in neuroimaging. Edited by Kaye Westmark, Dong Kim, and Roy Riascos, this unique book provides the necessary knowledge to manage significant unexpected findings—from identification and analysis to efficacious interventions. With collaborative contributions from neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, otolaryngologists, body and musculoskeletal imaging experts, endocrinologists and hematologists/oncologists, this resource encompasses a wide spectrum of incidental findings. Organized by six sections, the book starts with normal variants that are extremely important to recognize in order to avoid unwarranted additional testing and unnecessary stress for the patient. Subsequent sections detail abnormalities that require extensive clinical evaluation in order to determine ideal management. These include incidental findings for extracranial, extra-spinal, intracranial, and intraspinal imaging. The final section outlines CT and MR imaging artifacts that are particularly concerning because they may mimic more dangerous pathologies while degrading imaging quality and obscuring real findings. Key Features Key findings and differential diagnosis are listed for each entity Diagnostic decision trees present algorithms in an easy-to-understand manner Artifact analyses explain the technical reason for each artifact and what can be done to mitigate effects Clinical Q&As connect the radiologic diagnosis with actual case management decisions and provide in-depth background information that is applicable to management in various scenarios This essential guide will help trainee and practicing neuroradiologists, neurosurgeons, and neurologists interpret incidental spine and brain imaging findings and make clinically informed, complex treatment decisions.

This open access book offers an essential overview of brain, head and neck, and spine imaging. Over the last few years, there have been considerable advances in this area, driven by both clinical and technological developments. Written by leading international experts and teachers, the chapters are disease-oriented and cover all relevant imaging modalities, with a focus on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. The book also includes a synopsis of pediatric imaging. IDKD books are rewritten (not merely updated) every four years, which means they offer a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art in imaging. The book is clearly structured and features learning objectives, abstracts, subheadings, tables and take-home points, supported by design elements to help readers navigate the text. It will particularly appeal to general radiologists, radiology residents, and interventional radiologists who want to update their diagnostic expertise, as well as clinicians from other specialties who are interested in imaging for their patient care.

This superbly illustrated textbook, endorsed by the European Society of Neuroradiology, explains in detail the clinical importance of neuroradiology in complementing history taking and physical examination during the workup of patients suspected of having neurological, neurosurgical, or psychiatric disorders. The role of imaging of the brain and spinal cord is described across the full range of relevant conditions, including, for example, cerebrovascular diseases, trauma, CSF disorders, developmental malformations, autoimmune diseases, epilepsy, tumors and tumor-like conditions, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic conditions, and bipolar and depressive disorders. The structured approach to imaging and image analysis will ensure that the book is an invaluable resource for neuroradiologists in training and clinicians alike. Starting from the clinical indication, suggestions for imaging protocols are provided and checklists of common findings and aspects key to interpretation are presented. The book is published within the SpringerReference program, which combines thorough coverage with access to living editions constantly updated via a dynamic peer-review process.

This publication reviews medicolegal investigation of sudden, unexpected pediatric deaths, focusing on systems and procedures in the United States and those deaths which remain incompletely understood or entirely unexplained. It discusses the evolution of our understanding and practice in the area of sudden, unexpected pediatric death investigation, covering the changing philosophies and medical theories as to causation and changing investigative and certification strategies. Procedural guidance for investigation, autopsy and ancillary testing, certification and reporting, and key considerations for prevention, research and working with family members and other professional team members are provided.The path to production of this publication began in 2016 when the National Association of Medical Examiners received a scientific grant from the SUDC Foundation called "Sudden Death in Pediatrics: Consensus for Investigation, Certification, Research Direction and Family Needs" to convene, in collaboration with the American Academy of Pediatrics, an expert panel to identify and discuss the diverse issues and limitations surrounding these deaths and build a foundation for national consensus. The combined effort of a panel of medical examiners, pediatricians, and federal agency representatives, representing the diverse interests of death investigation, autopsy performance, certification, clinical subspecialties (pediatrics, neurology, cardiology, child abuse, injury prevention, infectious diseases, genetics, and metabolic diseases), family needs, prevention, and epidemiology, culminated in this publication.