Excerpt from Improved Sulfur Dioxide Fumigation of Grapes Loaded in Railway Refrigerator Cars Different combinations of fans in the cars were tested with various load patterns and shipping containers. Prepackaged grapes in master cartons cannot be fumigated satisfactorily after loading in the cars. In standard ice bunker cars, a portable fan was placed in the center of the car between the braces that hold the divided load in position. This fan blew air upward during fumigation and gave uniform gas distribution through loads of grapes packed in 28-pound lug boxes. Bunker fans also mixed and distributed the fumigant satisfactorily when the gas was applied slowly. High ice meltage absorbed a significant amount of sulfur dioxide and removed it from the car as the water drained out. An additional amount of sulfur dioxide had to be provided to compensate for this loss. The best results in mechanical refrigerator cars were obtained when the gas was released in the space above the load at the' end of the car opposite the blower. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Fresh table grapes have a postharvest shelf life of as long as 2 months if fumigated with sulfur dioxide while in storage. Modern methods keep atmospheric releases of used sulfur dioxide gas to a minimum.

Excerpt from Loading American Grapes Load Climax baskets of the 12-quart size 7 high, 4-quart size 12 high, and 2-quart size 15 high. Load all other packages to a height of not less than 48 inches nor more than 60 inches from the bottom of the first layer. Bushel baskets, hampers, and miscellaneous boxes are not satisfactory packages for grapes, for they can not be loaded safely with economy. All types of grape packages carry best when loaded by the straight system, i. E., with all pack ages end to end extending from one ice bunker to the other. In every other layer of Climax baskets it is necessary to load those that touch the bulk head crosswise of the car in order to fill in the otherwise vacant spaces, but this should not be permitted anywhere else in the load. All slack should be taken up as the packages are being loaded, using racks to fill out at the end of the car when there is surplus space. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Consideration of the interactions between decisions made at one point in the supply chain and its effects on the subsequent stages is the core concept of a systems approach. Postharvest Handling is unique in its application of this systems approach to the handling of fruits and vegetables, exploring multiple aspects of this important process through chapters written by experts from a variety of backgrounds.Newly updated and revised, this second edition includes coverage of the logistics of fresh produce from multiple perspectives, postharvest handing under varying weather conditions, quality control, changes in consumer eating habits and other factors key to successful postharvest handling.The ideal book for understanding the economic as well as physical impacts of postharvest handling decisions.Key Features:*Features contributions from leading experts providing a variety of perspectives*Updated with 12 new chapters*Focuses on application-based information for practical implementation*System approach is unique in the handling of fruits and vegetables