The original idea of IS is to send two solid-gas streams to impinge against each other at high velocity, enhancing transfer between phases. IS is classified into two kinds: Gas-continuous impinging streams (GIS) and Liquid-continuous ones (LIS). Impinging Streams describes fundamentals, major properties and application of IS, as a category of novel technologies in chemical engineering. Because of the universality of transfer phenomena, it is receiving widespread attention. This book represents the first book in this area for over 10 years and covers achievements and technologies. * describing clearly the properties of Gas-continuous and Liquid-continuous impinging streams * introducing new technical devices * includes a number of worked application cases, which are illustrated in detail

Impinging streams is a unique and multipurpose configuration of a two-phase suspension for intensifying transfer processes in heterogeneous systems, viz. gas-solid, gas-liquid, solid-liquid and liquid-liquid. The essence of the method lies in the collision which results from bringing two streams of a suspension flowing on the same axis in opposite directions. Following the impact of the streams, a relatively narrow zone is created, which offers excellent conditions for enhancing the heat and mass transfer between the phases in the suspension. The following processes are considered in the light of the method of impinging streams: drying of particles, solid-solid and gas-gas mixing, absorption and desorption of gases from liquids, combustion of gas and coal, calcination of phosphate, creation of emulsions, liquid-liquid extraction, dissolution of solids, ion exchange, dust collection and granulation as well as evaporative cooling of air. Additional aspects considered in the book are: power input in performing the above processes, heat and mass transfer coefficient and its correlation, mixing properties of impinging stream reactors, residence time of the particles in the reactors, scale-up of impinging-stream reactors with respect to pressure, drop, hold-up and mean residence time of the particles as well as the heat transfer. The aim of the book is to review the state-of-the-art in the field of impinging streams, to present results of theoretical and experimental research, and to stimulate research and industrial application of the method so that reactors employing impinging streams will become a common tool in chemical engineering and other disciplines of engineering. The major conclusion of this work is that almost any process in chemical engineering can be conducted by impinging streams, resulting in higher efficiency and less power input in comparison with conventional methods.

Together with turbulence, multiphase flow remains one of the most challenging areas of computational mechanics and experimental methods and numerous problems remain unsolved to date. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology, at all length scales and flow regimes. The fluids involved can be compressible or incompressible, linear or nonlinear. Because of the complexity of the problems, it is often essential to utilize advanced computational and experimental methods to solve the complex equations that describe them. Challenges in these simulations include modelling and tracking interfaces, dealing with multiple length scales, modelling nonlinear fluids, treating drop breakup and coalescence, characterizing phase structures, and many others. Experimental techniques, although expensive and difficult to perform, are essential to validate models. This book contains papers presented at the Fifth International Conference on Computational Methods in Multiphase Flow, which are grouped into the following topics: Multiphase Flow Simulation; Interaction of Gas, Liquids and Solids; Turbulent Flow; Environmental Multiphase Flow; Bubble and Drop Dynamics; Flow in Porous Media; Heat Transfer; Image Processing; Interfacial Behaviour.

These are the proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials (CEAM 2012). The conference provided a forum for the discussion of new developments, recent progress and innovations in chemical engineering and advanced materials, and addressed all aspects of these fields. Emphasis was placed on current and future challenges in research and development for both academia and industry; especially long-term fundamental research aimed at discovering novel phenomena, processes and tools.

Food Engineering Handbook, Two-Volume Set provides a stimulating and up-to-date review of food engineering phenomena. It also addresses the basic and applied principles of food engineering methods used in food processing operations around the world. Combining theory with a practical, hands-on approach, this set examines the thermophysical propertie

This advanced textbook covering the fundamentals and industry applications of process intensification (PI) discusses both the theoretical and conceptual basis of the discipline. Since interdisciplinarity is a key feature of PI, the material contained in the book reaches far beyond the classical area of chemical engineering. Developments in other relevant disciplines, such as chemistry, catalysis, energy technology, applied physics, electronics and materials science, are extensively described and discussed, while maintaining a chemical engineering perspective. Divided into three major parts, the first introduces the PI principles in detail and illustrates them using practical examples. The second part is entirely devoted to fundamental approaches of PI in four domains: spatial, thermodynamic, functional and temporal. The third and final part explores the methodology for applying fundamental PI approaches in practice. As well as detailing technologies, the book focuses on safety, energy and environmental issues, giving guidance on how to incorporate PI in plant design and operation -- safely, efficiently and effectively.

Presents Drying Breakthroughs for an Array of Materials Despite being one of the oldest, most energy-intensive unit operations, industrial drying is perhaps the least scrutinized technique at the microscopic level. Yet in the wake of today’s global energy crisis, drying research and development is on the rise. Following in the footsteps of the widely read first edition, Advanced Drying Technologies, Second Edition is the direct outcome of the recent phenomenal growth in drying literature and new drying hardware. This edition provides an evaluative overview of new and emerging drying technologies, while placing greater emphasis on making the drying process more energy efficient in the green age. Draws on the Authors’ 60+ Years of Combined Experience Fueled by the current energy crisis and growing consumer demand for improved quality products, this thoroughly updated resource addresses cutting-edge drying technologies for numerous materials such as high-valued, heat-sensitive pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and some foods. It also introduces innovative techniques, such as heat-pump drying of foods, which allow both industrial practice and research and development projects to save energy, reduce carbon footprints, and thus improve the bottom line. Four New Chapters: Spray-Freeze-Drying Fry Drying Refractance Window Drying Mechanical Thermal Expression Requiring no prior knowledge of chemical engineering, this single-source reference should assist researchers in turning the laboratory curiosities of today into the revolutionary novel drying technologies of tomorrow.