This book is designed to clarify India's interests in the World Trade Organization's Doha Development Agenda and to provide a blueprint for its strategy in multilateral negotiations. The focus is on facilitating domestic and external policy reforms that can serve to bolster India's participation in the multilateral trading system and to enhance the effectiveness of India's trade and related policies in achieving developmental goals. Individual chapters address the economic effects on India of the Uruguay Round Negotiations and the prospective Doha Agenda negotiations; the implications of the abolition of the Multi-Fiber Agreement; services issues and liberalization; telecommunications policy reforms; foreign direct investment; intellectual property rights; competition policy; government procurement; standards and technical barriers; trade and environment; and, finally, a comprehensive analysis of the major issues coupled with concrete proposals to guide India's participation in the Doha Development Agenda.

Major economic reforms undertaken since 1991 have brought the Indian economy into a new phase of development directed toward becoming globally competitive through the opening of trade, foreign investment, and technology inflows. The private sector is expected to play a lead role, with a corresponding reduction in the role played by the public sector. This book is aimed at analyzing the comparative static effects of selected post-1991 trade and domestic policy reforms on trade, factor prices, economic welfare, and the intersectoral allocation of resources. The study relies on a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that has been specially designed to analyze the potential economic effects of India's policy reforms. The model was developed in a collaborative effort involving the National Council of Applied Economic Research in New Delhi and the University of Michigan. Patterned after the Michigan CGE Model of World Production and Trade that has been in use for more than two decades, the India CGE model features closer attention to special characteristics of India's economic structure, including more agricultural sector detail, allowance for state ownership, and administered pricing. The conclusions of the study suggest that the policy reforms will yield increased real returns to land, labor, and capital, and shift the terms of trade in favor of Indian agriculture. Lastly, not only are there efficiency-enhancing intersectoral shifts in resource allocation but there are notable increases in scale economies across the Indian manufacturing sectors. Rajesh Chadha and Sanjib Pohit are Economists at the National Council of Applied Economic Research in New Delhi. Alan V. Deardorff and Robert M. Stern are Professors of Economics and Public Policy, University of Michigan.

This book examines the implications of trade reforms with reference to the 1991 reforms for India's manufacturing sector. The gradualist nature of the reform process, the move from a restrictive policy regime to an open one, and the unevenness of the reforms across sectors make the Indian economy a relevant context for understanding the welfare implications of trade reforms.

Over the past two decades, the percentage of the world’s population living on less than a dollar a day has been cut in half. How much of that improvement is because of—or in spite of—globalization? While anti-globalization activists mount loud critiques and the media report breathlessly on globalization’s perils and promises, economists have largely remained silent, in part because of an entrenched institutional divide between those who study poverty and those who study trade and finance. Globalization and Poverty bridges that gap, bringing together experts on both international trade and poverty to provide a detailed view of the effects of globalization on the poor in developing nations, answering such questions as: Do lower import tariffs improve the lives of the poor? Has increased financial integration led to more or less poverty? How have the poor fared during various currency crises? Does food aid hurt or help the poor? Poverty, the contributors show here, has been used as a popular and convenient catchphrase by parties on both sides of the globalization debate to further their respective arguments. Globalization and Poverty provides the more nuanced understanding necessary to move that debate beyond the slogans.

Foreword Preface l. Prologue 2. Savings and Investment 3. Ethos of Governance 4. Economic Decentralization 5. Safety Net 6. Capital Account Convertibility 7. Financial Sector Reforms (FSRs) 8. Restructuring International Financial Architecture 9. Foreign Trade 10. Falling Rupee 1l. Indias External Debt 12. Industrial Sector 13. Agricultural Sector 14. Poverty Syndrome 15. Public Distribution System 16. Water Resource Management 17. The Impact of Globalisation 18. Tackling of Non-Performing Assets in Commercial Banks (NP As) 19. Scenario of Education Under Economic Reforms 20. Problem of Unemployment 2l. Welfare Implications of Economic Reforms in India 22. Foreign Direct Investment 23. Export-Import (Exim) Policy 24. Economic Stabilisation and Growth 25. Emerging Contours of Health Sector Reforms 26. Risk Management in Banks 27. Economic Liberalisation and Globalisation 28. Population Explosion 29. Areas of Retardation in the Economic Reforms 30. Privatisation 31. Energy Crisis 32. The New Economic Policy and Corporate Governance 33. Impact of WTO on Indian Small Scale Industries 34. Disinvestment 35. Issues in Monetary and Credit Policy 36. New Economic Policy and Social Justice 37. Productivity in the Age of Globalisation 38. WTO and India 39. Global Economics and Sustainable Development 40. Stock Market and Liberalisation 41. Impact of the Economic Reforms and Banking Industry 42. Food Security in India 43. Nehrus Contribution to the Development of Indian Economy 44. Direction and Implementation of Legal Reforms 45. Epilogue Bibliography Index

The Role of Trade in Ending Poverty looks at the complex relationships between economic growth, poverty reduction and trade, and examines the challenges that poor people face in benefiting from trade opportunities. Written jointly by the World Bank Group and the WTO, the publication examines how trade could make a greater contribution to ending poverty by increasing efforts to lower trade costs, improve the enabling environment, implement trade policy in conjunction with other areas of policy, better manage risks faced by the poor, and improve data used for policy-making.