The current study investigates the impact of firm's specific factors such as its size, liquidity or leverage, cash flow, profitability, asset tangibility and growth opportunity on working capital management. Secondary data of 8 assembling companies working in the automobile sector of Pakistan economy has been extracted from the sector analysis report issued by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), covering a period of 9 years (2009 - 2017). Data was analyzed using multiple regressions. Results show that firms' size, leverage and asset tangibility has a negative significant impact on firm's working capital management. However, profitability, cash flow and growth opportunity have an insignificant impact on firm's working capital management. It was found that different firm characteristics make it necessary for firms to have different working capital policies that are much more suited to their situation. In fact, the non-parametric tests also indicate the presence of a sectorial/industrial effect that cannot be ignored. Hence, a better understanding of why firms adopt a specific working capital policy will allow financial institutions to determine whether the firms are justified in adopting a specific policy, and in evaluating their financial well being.

Working Capital Management provides a general framework that will help managers understand working capital using a comprehensive approach that links operating decisions to their financial implications and to the overall business strategy. It will also help managers to gain a better understanding of the key drivers to profitability and value creation.

This Comprehensive Text Systematically Explains The Various Principles, Policies And Methods Involved In Efficient Management Of Working Capital. The Indian Context Is Emphasised Throughout.The Book Provides An Indepth Analysis Of Such Critical Issues As * Assessment Of The Level Of Working Capital * Methods Of Financing * Control Over The Use Of FundsThe Book Discusses Both Fund Based And Non-Fund Based Working Capital Finance. It Also Explains Export, Information Technology And Software Industry Financing.The Book Presents Several Real Life Cases To Illustrate The Various Principles And Techniques.Each Chapter Ends With A Summery Providing A Quick And Useful Review Of The Chapter. Several Questions And Problems Are Also Included Throughout The Book For Self-Test.The Book Is An Ideal Text For Management And Commerce Students. It Would Also Serve As An Extremely Useful Reference Source For Practising Professionals And Consultants In The Finance And Banking Sectors.

Working Capital Management: An Overview 2. A Valuation Framework 3. Working Capital Policies 4. Cash Management Systems: Collection Systems 5. Cash Management Systems: Cash Concentration Systems 6. Cash Management Systems: Disbursement Systems 7. Forecasting Cash Flows 8. Corporate Liquidity And Financial Flexibility 9. Cash Management Optimisation Models 10. Receivables Management: Trade Credit 11. Receivables Management: Credit Granting Decisions 12. Monitoring Accounts Receivables 13. Payables Management And Instruments Of Short-Term Financing 14. Inventory Management 15. Programming Working Capital Management 16. Integrating Working Capital And Capital Investment Processes 17. Monetary System 18. Money Market In India 19. Banking System In India 20. Working Capital Control And Banking Policy ..... 27. Managing Short-Term International Financial Transactions Appendices Index

Financial constraints are widespread in developing countries, where even short-term credit is limited. Finance held by firms as working capital is a substantial proportion of sales revenue, yet the role of working capital is largely neglected by existing models of financial constraints. This paper presents a dynamic model of the firm that incorporates working capital by introducing a delay between factor payments and the receipt of revenue. In contrast with previous models, the working capital model predicts that firms under binding constraints will substitute between labor and capital in response to demand shocks, causing investment to be countercyclical. For firms near the margin of being constrained, constraints bind when positive production opportunities arise. Output growth is therefore constrained in response to positive shocks but not to negative shocks. Simulations suggest that models without working capital may understate the predicted effects of financial constraints on production efficiency, firm profit and growth over time. The predictions are tested with the Bangladesh Panel Survey data for manufacturing firms. Consistent with the theory, there is evidence that constraints bind when output price increases, that investment by constrained firms is countercyclical, and that output response to positive shocks is dampened for firms that are sometimes constrained. The results also are important for policy. In order to maximize growth, efforts to relieve credit constraints should be focused on periods when demand shocks are high.

Financial constraints are widespread in developing countries, where even short-term credit is limited. Finance held by firms as working capital is a substantial proportion of sales revenue, yet the role of working capital is largely neglected by existing models of financial constraints. This paper presents a dynamic model of the firm that incorporates working capital by introducing a delay between factor payments and the receipt of revenue. In contrast with previous models, the working capital model predicts that firms under binding constraints will substitute between labor and capital in response to demand shocks, causing investment to be countercyclical. For firms near the margin of being constrained, constraints bind when positive production opportunities arise. Output growth is therefore constrained in response to positive shocks but not to negative shocks. Simulations suggest that models without working capital may understate the predicted effects of financial constraints on production efficiency, firm profit and growth over time. The predictions are tested with the Bangladesh Panel Survey data for manufacturing firms. Consistent with the theory, there is evidence that constraints bind when output price increases, that investment by constrained firms is countercyclical, and that output response to positive shocks is dampened for firms that are sometimes constrained. The results also are important for policy. In order to maximize growth, efforts to relieve credit constraints should be focused on periods when demand shocks are high.

Stay liquid, think global, and better manage resources with this authoritative guide Working Capital Management is a comprehensive primer on keeping your business financially competitive in the face of limited access to short-term funds. With detailed insight applicable to each phase in the business cycle, this authoritative guide helps managers revamp current practices for more efficient use of assets and liabilities, including more stringent monitoring and planning of collections, disbursements, and balances. Readers will learn how to minimize investments in idle resources, and how to maximize the use of forecast data to better identify risk and the optimal use of available funds. Case studies illustrate the practical applications of the ideas presented, with particular attention given to cash budgeting, forecasting, banking relationships and other common scenarios with specific requirements. Managing a company’s short-term resources is both an art and a science. Effectively maintaining funds for ongoing activities – and keeping those funds liquid, mobile, and available – is a masterful skillset lacking in business. Working Capital Management offers practical advice for managers in this challenging position, providing guidance that helps them: Learn the specific metrics at work in capital management, and the problems that they can cause Improve cash management with robust fraud protection and better use of short-term instruments Manage the issues that arise from accounts receivable, inventory, payables, information management, and international sources Develop an effective management system for key points in the working capital cycle The recent liquidity crisis in the U.S. has thrown the spotlight onto those companies that have adjusted well to credit contraction and the weakened economy, and these success stories – some of which are noted in the book – demonstrate that a positive business outcome can be accomplished. Working Capital Management provides a clear look at a complex issue, with practical, actionable, sustainable advice.