Wireless networking technologies are witnessed to become the integral part of industry, business, entertainment and daily life. Encyclopedia of Wireless Networks is expected to provide comprehensive references to key concepts of wireless networks, including research results of historical significance, areas of current interests, and growing directions in the future wireless networks. It can serve as a valuable and authoritative literature for students, researchers, engineers, and practitioners who need a quick reference to the subjects of wireless network technology and its relevant applications. Areas covered: 5G Network | Editors: Rahim Tafazolli, Rose Hu Ad hoc Network | Editor: Cheng Li Big Data for Networking | Editor: Song Guo Cellular Network, 2G/3G Network, 4G/LTE Network | Editor: Hsiao-hwa Chen Cognitive Radio Network | Editor: Ning Zhang Cooperative Communications | Editor: Kaoru Ota Cyber Physical Systems | Editor: Shiyan Hu Data Center Network | Editor: Lei Lei Delay Tolerant and Opportunistic Network | Editor: Yuanguo Bi Equalization, Synchronization and Channel Estimation | Editor: Yingying Chen Future Network Architecture | Editor: Wei Quan Game Theory in Wireless Network | Editor: Dusit Niyato Interference Characterization and Mitigation | Editor: Lin Cai Internet of Things | Editors: Xiuzhen Cheng, Wei Cheng Internet of Things and its Applications | Editor: Phone Lin Interworking Heterogeneous Wireless Network | Editor: Ping Wang Medium Access Control | Editors: Hassan Omar, Qiang Ye Millimeter-wave Communications | Editor: Ming Xiao MIMO-based Network | Editor: Prof. Wei Zhang Mobility Management and Models | Editors: Sandra Cespedes, Sangheon Pack Molecular, Biological and Multi-scale Communications | Editor: Adam Noel Network Economics and pricing | Editors: Jianwei Huang, Yuan Luo Network Forensics and surveillance, Fault Tolerance and Reliability | Editor: Hongwei Li Network Measurement and Virtualization | Editor: Yusheng Ji Quality of Service, Quality of Experience and Quality of Protection | Editors: Rui Luis Aguiar, Yu Cheng Resource Allocation and Management | Editors: Junshan Zhang, Nan Cheng Routing and Multi-cast, Router and Switch Design | Editor: Richard Yu Scaling Laws and Fundamental Limits | Editor: Ning Lu Security, Privacy and Trust | Editor: Kui Ren Short Range Communications, RFID and NFC | Editor: Zhiguo Shi Smart Grid Communications | Editor: Vincent W. S. Wong Vehicular Network | Editors: Lian Zhao, Qing Yang Video Streaming | Editor: Zhi Liu Wireless Body Area Network and e-healthcare | Editor: Honggang Wang Wireless Security | Editors: Haojin Zhu, Jian Shen Wireless Sensor Network | Editors: Jiming Chen, Ruilong Deng WLAN and OFDM | Editor: Xianbin Wang

The dream of automatic language translation is now closer thanks to recent advances in the techniques that underpin statistical machine translation. This class-tested textbook from an active researcher in the field, provides a clear and careful introduction to the latest methods and explains how to build machine translation systems for any two languages. It introduces the subject's building blocks from linguistics and probability, then covers the major models for machine translation: word-based, phrase-based, and tree-based, as well as machine translation evaluation, language modeling, discriminative training and advanced methods to integrate linguistic annotation. The book also reports the latest research, presents the major outstanding challenges, and enables novices as well as experienced researchers to make novel contributions to this exciting area. Ideal for students at undergraduate and graduate level, or for anyone interested in the latest developments in machine translation.

Hypo- or hypersecretion, alteration in storage, release, catabolism, and post-translational processing of neuropeptides are associated with the etiology of many diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Various peptides native to the brain and the spinal cord, as well as various synthetic peptides, peptide analogues and peptidomimetics developed as their agonists or antagonists could be useful in the treatment of these CNS maladies. However, peptides face a formidable obstacle in reaching the intended site of action due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a vital element in the regulation of the internal environment of the brain and the spinal cord. After reviews on the role and neuropharmaceutical potential of peptides, properties of the BBB in the context of peptide transport in the CNS and potential transport mechanisms to cross the BBB, this volume discusses the development, present state-of-the-art and future trends of various strategies to overcome this major obstacle to peptide pharmacotherapy involving the CNS. Chapters are devoted to cover invasive approaches that circumvent the BBB by direct administration into the brain or the spinal cord and by transiently opening the tight junctions of or permeabilizing the endothelial cells separating the systemic circulation from the interstitial fluid of the CNS. Subsequently, physiologically based strategies that utilize biological carriers to gain access to the CNS are discussed in detail, followed by methods encompassing prodrug and chemical delivery/targeting strategies, which aim at altering the properties of the peptide to enhance BBB transport, and drug delivery strategies based on peptide vectors. Finally, a comparative evaluation on the present status and perspectives of the techniques is presented.

Space weather is one of the most significant natural hazards to human life and health. Conditions of the sun and in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere can influence the performance and reliability of space-borne and ground-based technological systems. If conditions in the space environment are adverse, they can cause disruption of satellite operations, communications, navigation, and electric power distribution grids, leading to a variety of socioeconomic losses. This book provides an overview of our current knowledge and theoretical understanding of space weather formation and covers all major topics of this phenomena, from the sun to the Earth’s ionosphere and thermosphere, thus providing a fully updated review of this rapidly advancing field. The book brings together an outstanding team of internationally recognised contributors to cover topics such as solar wind, the earth's magnetic field, radiation belts, the aurora, spacecraft charging, orbital drag and GPS.

"This book compiles studies that demonstrate effective approaches to the structural analysis of genetic systems and bioinformatics"--Provided by publisher.

The book explains the principles and fundamentals of photocatalysis and highlights the current developments and future potential of the green-chemistry-oriented applications of various inorganic, organic, and hybrid photocatalysts. The book consists of eleven chapters, including the principles and fundamentals of heterogeneous photocatalysis; the mechanisms and dynamics of surface photocatalysis; research on TiO2-based composites with unique nanostructures; the latest developments and advances in exploiting photocatalyst alternatives to TiO2; and photocatalytic materials for applications other than the traditional degradation of pollutants, such as carbon dioxide reduction, water oxidation, a complete spectrum of selective organic transformations and water splitting by photocatalytic reduction. In addition, heterogeneized polyoxometalate materials for photocatalytic purposes and the proper design of photocatalytic reactors and modeling of light are also discussed. This book appeals to a wide readership of the academic and industrial researchers and it can also be used in the classroom for undergraduate and graduate students focusing on heterogeneous photocatalysis, sustainable chemistry, energy conversion and storage, nanotechnology, chemical engineering, environmental protection, optoelectronics, sensors, and surface and interface science. Juan Carlos Colmenares is a Professor at the Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland. Yi-Jun Xu is a Professor at the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, China.

With contributions from a community of experts, the book focuses on the use of ionic functions to define the principle of operation in polymer devices. It begins by reviewing the scientific understanding and important scientific discoveries made on the electrochemistry of conjugated polymers. It examines the known effects of ion incorporation, including the theory and modulation of electrochemistry in polymer films, and it explores the coupling of electronic and ionic transport in polymer films.