This publication is for those who are concerned with the identification of wood samples and the fibre constituents of paper and paper products, an ability essential for anyone in the pulp industry. In determining the quality of a paper product, the inherent properties of wood are as importantand, if not more so, than the pulping process and other mill treatments to which the wood subjected. Besides wood, a large number of nonwoody fibres find their way into paper products and it is equally important to be able to identify these as well as the woody fibres. This book brings together what are considered the most useful wood and fibre features for the purposes of indentification. In the first section separate keys are given for the identification of both softwood and hardwood pulps and wood samples. The keys distinguish between different tree genera or dissimilar groups of species within the same genus. The diagnostic features of all commercial pulpwoods have been numbered, defined and illustrated, with a total of 88 photomicrographs, and instructions are given on how to prepare a sample and proceed with its examination and subsequent identification. The second section of the book deals with the identification of 28 natural nonwoody and 9 man-made fibres. The features of the individual fibres as well as the results of staining and solubility tests, where applicable, are described in detail. Ninety-five photomicrographs illustrate this section which includes an identification key summarizing the useful features of these fibres.

In its Second Edition, Handbook of Pulping and Papermaking is a comprehensive reference for industry and academia. The book offers a concise yet thorough introduction to the process of papermaking from the production of wood chips to the final testing and use of the paper product. The author has updated the extensive bibliography, providing the reader with easy access to the pulp and paper literature. The book emphasizes principles and concepts behind papermaking, detailing both the physical and chemical processes. - A comprehensive introduction to the physical and chemical processes in pulping and papermaking - Contains an extensive annotated bibliography - Includes 12 pages of color plates

Growing awareness of environmental issues has led to increasing demand for goods produced from natural products, including natural fibres. The two-volume Handbook of natural fibres is an indispensable tool in understanding the diverse properties and applications of these important materials. Volume 2: Processing and applications focuses on key processing techniques for the improvement and broader application of natural fibres.Part one reviews processing techniques for natural fibres. Silk production and the future of natural silk manufacture are discussed, as well as techniques to improve the flame retardancy of natural fibres and chemical treatments to improve natural fibre properties. Ultraviolet-blocking properties, enzymatic treatment, and electrokinetic properties are also discussed. Part two goes on to investigate applications of natural fibres, including automotive applications, geotextiles, paper and packaging, and natural fibre composites (NFCs) for the construction and automotive industries. The use of flax and hemp, textiles made from jute and coir, antimicrobial natural fibres, and biomimetic textile materials are also considered, before a final discussion of enhancing consumer demand for natural textile fibres.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, the two volumes of the Handbook of natural fibres are essential texts for professionals and academics in textile science and technology. - Focuses on key processing techniques for the improvement and broader application of natural fibres - Reviews processing techniques for natural fibres, including silk production and the future of natural silk manufacture - Discusses ultraviolet-blocking properties, enzymatic treatment, and alectrokinetic properties, among other topics

Biermann's Handbook of Pulp and Paper: Raw Material and Pulp Making, Third Edition is a comprehensive reference for industry and academia covering the entire gamut of pulping technology. This book provides a thorough introduction to the entire technology of pulp manufacture; features chapters covering all aspects of pulping from wood handling at the mill site through pulping and bleaching and pulp drying. It also includes a discussion on bleaching chemicals, recovery of pulping spent liquors and regeneration of chemicals used and the manufacture of side products. The secondary fiber recovery and utilization and current advances like organosolv pulping and attempts to close the cycle in bleaching plants are also included. Hundreds of illustrations, charts, and tables help the reader grasp the concepts being presented. This book will provide professionals in the field with the most up-to-date and comprehensive information on the state-of- the-art techniques and aspects involved in pulp making. It has been updated, revised and extended. Alongside the traditional aspects of pulping and papermaking processes, this book also focuses on biotechnological methods, which is the distinguishing feature of this book. It includes wood-based products and chemicals, production of dissolving pulp, hexenuronic acid removal, alternative chemical recovery processes, forest products biorefinery. The most significant changes in the areas of raw material preparation and handling, pulping and recycled fiber have been included. A total of 11 new chapters have been added. This handbook is essential reading for all chemists and engineers in the paper and pulp industry. - Provides comprehensive coverage on all aspects of pulp making - Covers the latest science and technology in pulp making - Includes traditional and biotechnological methods, a unique feature of this book - Presents the environmental impact of pulp and papermaking industries - Sets itself apart as a valuable reference that every pulp and papermaker/engineer/chemist will find extremely useful

This richly-illustrated book presents the information necessary for fiber analysis in the field of pulp and paper. A discussion of raw-material structure and the features used for species identification in pulp is followed up by the description of 117 fiber species. Of these, 83 are wood fibers and 34 are of nonwood origin. The tree species range across all five continents, 29 from Eurasia, 38 from North America and 16 from the southern hemisphere and the tropics. Informative micrographs, identification tables, and distribution maps aid species differentiation, making this atlas ideal for everyone interested in fiber identification.