The Himalayan Region is a mega hot spot for biological diversity. It supports over 1,748 plants species of known medicinal value. This title focuses on origin and distribution of Himalayan herbs, their medicinal potential, industrial significance, and research advancements pertaining to molecular breeding and omics-based approaches. Discusses evolved secondary biochemical pathways often in response to specific environmental stimuli Reviews conservation efforts Presents an in-depth analysis of 12 key species

Research in recent years has increasingly shifted away from purely academic research, and into applied aspects of the discipline, including climate change research, conservation, and sustainable development. It has by now widely been recognized that “traditional” knowledge is always in flux and adapting to a quickly changing environment. Trends of globalization, especially the globalization of plant markets, have greatly influenced how plant resources are managed nowadays. While ethnobotanical studies are now available from many regions of the world, no comprehensive encyclopedic series focusing on the worlds mountain regions is available in the market. Scholars in plant sciences worldwide will be interested in this website and its dynamic content. The field (and thus the market) of ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology has grown considerably in recent years. Student interest is on the rise, attendance at professional conferences has grown steadily, and the number of professionals calling themselves ethnobotanists has increased significantly (the various societies, like the Society for Economic Botany, the International Society of Ethnopharmacology, the Society of Ethnobiology, and the International Society for Ethnobiology currently have thousands of members). Growth has been most robust in BRIC countries. This new MRW on Ethnobotany of the Himalayas takes advantage of the increasing international interest and scholarship in the field of mountain research. It includes the best and latest research on a full range of descriptive, methodological, theoretical, and applied research on the most important plants in the Himalayas. Each contribution is scientifically rigorous and contributes to the overall field of study.

This volume is a collection of papers by experts in medicinal plants, presented to help clarify the many policy and technical issues associated with the conservation, use, production and trade of medicinal plants. The publication draws attention to the huge contribution of medicinal plants to traditional and modern health care system. It also alerts readers on the many problems and challenges facing their sustainable development. Subjects covered include assessment and management of the medicinal plant resource base; best harvesting and processing practices; trade issues; and intellectual property rights regarding traditional medicines of indigenous peoples. This documents will help raise awareness of medicinal plants as an important forest resource and will help ensure that medicinal plants are adequately included in forest conservation and utilization programmes. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction by G C Bodeker; Part I: General Articles covering Global Issues; Forest based medicines in traditional and cosmopolitan health care by A P Van Seters, Enthnobotanical research and traditional health care in developing countries by M Balick and P A Cox, Between a rock and a hard place: Indigenous peoples, nation states and the multinationals by G Dutfield, Industrial utilisation of medicinal plants in developing countries by T de Silva, Trade in Medicinal Plants by S E Kuipers, Medicinal plant information database by K K S Bhat; Part II: Articles on Regional Aspects of Medicinal Plants Use; Biodiversity-People Interface in Nepal by N Bhattarai, Beyond the Biodiversity convention-the challenges facing the bio-cultural heritage of india s medicinal plants by D Shankar and B Majumdar, A biocultural medicinal plants conservation project in Sri Lanka by L de Alwis, utilisation and conservation of medicinal plants in China with special reference to Atractylides lancea by S-A He and N Sheng, An Africa-wide overview of medicinial plant harvesting, conservation and health care by A B Cunningham, Biodiversity conservation and the application of Amazonian medicinal plants in the control of malaria by W Milliken, Bulgarian model for regulating the trade in plant material for medicinal and other purposes by D Lange and M Mladenova, Phytomedicinal forest harvest in the United States by J A Duke.

This volume brings together a collection of papers by some experts in medicinal plants. It is presented as a contribution to clarifying the many policy and technical issues associated with the conservation, use, production and trade of medicinal plants. This publication draws attention to the huge contribution of medicinal plants to traditional and modern health care systems, but also alert the readers on the many problems and challenges facing their sustainable development, such as: assessment and management of the medicinal plant resource base; best harvesting and processing practices; trade issues and aspects dealing with the intellectual property rights on traditional medicine by indigenous peoples. The use of this document will help raise the awareness on medicinal plants as an important forest resource, and will help ensure that medicinal plants are adequately included in forest conservation and utilization programmes.

Local health traditions cannot be revitalized without ensuring the health of their medicinal plants resources base. For along term and sustainable utilization programme for medicinal plants, it is imperative that medicinal plants are not only domesticated and put under cutlivation, but also conserved in the wild. This book is first of its kind thereby adding a new dimension to the cultivation, conservation and utilisation of medicinal plants. According to current estimates about three fourth of the herbal drugs produced in India are used for curing human ailments. Based on different researchers, strategies on conservation, cultivation and utilization on medicinal plants, the book profiles over 100 s of such type of plants, which have been reported by different scientists, researchers, academicians and scholars of the country. The book highlights the current status of important medicinal plants of India and also has some interesting and vital tips. The book will be useful for research institutions, agencies, NGOs, scientists, academicians, importers and exporters, growers, suppliers, medicinal garden owners and all those working in the allied fields. Contents Chapter 1: Traditional Health Care in a Remote Area of District Chamoli (Garhwal), Uttaranchal: What Could Do With? by Hemlata, Chandra P Kuniyal and Y P S Pangtey; Chapter 2: Medicinal Plants of India: Need for Their Preservation by Maya Ram Uniyal; Chapter 3: Angiospermous Seeds of Medicinal Importance in Gujarat State by Premendra Singh, S Sisodia and Jinesh Shah; Chapter 4: Management of Viral Diseases of Ashwagandha by L P Awasthi, R V Singh, Pardeep Kumar and Shyam Singh; Chapter 5: Ayurvedic Garden: A Novel Concept in Society for Education and Popularization of Medicinally Important Plants by Niraj N Upadhyay, Mitesh B Panchal and Vishal K Muliya; Chapter 6: Isolation of Larvicidal Ingredient from the Leaves of Catharanthus roseus for Mosquito Control by M F Alam, A K Chopra and V K Dua; Chapter 7: Phenological Study of Naturalised Medicinal Herbs of Agra by Manjari Kumari and A K Singh; Chapter 8: An Ethnomedicinal plants in Melghat of Amravati District: A Need for Conservation by U S Patil; Chapter 9: Variability Measurement in Three Wild Collections of Solanum nigrum L Complex by Manisha Dhasmana and R K S Rathore; Chapter 10: Antibacterial Activity of Mixtures of Essential Oils by R C Dubey and Anika Rana; Chapter 11: Herbs, Health and Environment; Chapter 12: Ecological Studies on Medicinal Plants of Neeru Watershed, (J&K) by Harish Chander Dutt; Chapter 13: Assessment of Influence of SO2 Pollution on Biochemical and Antioxidant Defense System of Medicinal Plant (Azadiracta indica): A Case Study by D R Khanna and Neetu Saxena; Chapter 14: Distribution Patterns of Coccinellids and Their Role in Biological Control of Mustard Aphids by Pushpa Singh and Sachin Srivastava; Chapter 15: Pharmaceutical Products and Anti-microbial Activity of Bryophytes: Uses of Green Brain by Kajal Srivastava and Shivom Singh; Chapter 16: Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Three Adiantum Species of Ferns Formulation for Stamina in Male and Female Albino Mice Subjected to Forced Swim Stress by D K Bhatia and R K Pande; Chapter 17: Phytochemical, Antifungal and Antibacterial Studies of Premna cordifolia (Stem) by J S Jangwan, N K Agarwal and J S Kathait; Chapter 18: Phytochemical Examination of Pittosporum nepaulense and its Effect on Microorganism as an Antibacterial Agent by J S Kathait, Veena Joshi, N K Agarwal and J S Jangwan; Chapter 19: Isolation of Active Chemical Constituents and Study of Active Anticancer Alkaloid from the Root Extract of Pongamia pinnata (Vent) by Pawan Kumar Sagar; Chapter 20: Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plants Against Dental Infections by Prabhat and Navneet; Chapter 21: Conservation of Some Useful Medicinal Plants of Haridwar District in Uttaranchal State by Anil Kumar Dhiman; Chapter 22: Medicinal Plant Diversity in Pindari Glacier Area of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (NDBR), Uttaranchal by Laxmi Rawat, H B Vashista, Deepak Kholiya and S K Kamboj; Chapter 23: Effect of Three Different Boiling Times for Extraction of Aqueous Extract of Peepal Leaf on Growth of Myrothecium roridum Tode ex Fr by Vishal K Muliya and Arun Arya; Chapter 24: Rare Medicinal Plants as Used in the Folklore of Garhwal Himalaya by P P Badoni, A K Dobriyal, P K Bahuguna, H K Joshi and (Late) G S Negi; Chapter 25: Antifeedant Activity of Neem (Azadiracta indica A Juss) on Spilosoma obliqua Walker by Dinesh Kumar Bhardwaj, M P Tyagi and Ashish Panwar; Chapter 26: Modern Dosage Forms in Ayurveda: A Study from Aryabhishak by Vishal K Muliya; Chapter 27: Development of a Database for Identification of Powdered Crude Drugs by S P Bhatnagar and V Kaushi; Chapter 28: Ethnomedicinal Flora of West Nimar (Khargone) District, M P, India by S K Pathak and Sunita Pathak; Chapter 29: Makoi (solaum nigrum) and Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa): Effective Herbal Drug in Liver and Kidney Disorders by D R Khanna, Pradeep Sharma and Pramod Kumar; Chapter 30: Isolation of New Isoflavonoids from Bowdichia virgiliodes by C P Singh, Ashuthosh Sharma, C Shekhar and Alok Gupta; Chapter 31: Ayurvedic Quick Remedies by Arun Chugh; Chapter 32: Approach to Cure Tamak Shwas (Asthma) by Panchkarma by Arun Chugh; Chapter 33: Status of Medicinal Plants Found in a Montane Forest of Garhwal Himalaya by Asha Dobhal, Pramod Kumar, G S Rajwar and Manisha Dobhal; Chapter 34: Biodiversity of Cultivated Fruits Plants in Jaunpur Development Block of District Tehri Garhwal, Uttaranchal by Pramod Kumar, Suman Bisht and Asha Dobhal; Chapter 35: Physico-chemical Screening of Abutilon indicum Roots by Shri Krishna, Amit Kumar and Navneet; Chapter 36: Comparative Growth Pattern in Nine Cultures of Ash Gourd by Miti Rani and R K S Rathore; Chapter 37: Medicinal Plants of Rigveda by Deepika Chauhan, Navneet and Prabhat; Chapter 38: Utilization and Conservation of Medicinal Plants by Sudha Dubey and Jyotsana Bhoraskar; Chapter 39: Antimicrobial Properties of Herbal Tooth Powders by Sanjay, Navneet, Murali Manohar and Prabhat; Chapter 40: Conservation Practices and Utilization Strategies of Medicinal Plants in Bhandara District of Vidarbha Region by Deepak D Ramteke, Nitin Dongarwar, S B Zade and C J Khune; Chapter 41: Industrial Utilization and Promotion of Medicinal Plants in India by Shikha Singhal and Amit Agarwal; Chapter 42: Biodeterioration of Aonla (Embica officinalis) and Their Products by Anjma Bhanti, Manisha, Divya Goyal and Seema Bhadauria; Chapter 43: Studies on In vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of the Nardostachys jatamansi and Zanthoxyllum armatum by Anupama Gautam, Shailu Dalal and G R S Bisht; Chapter 44: Clinical Evaluation of the Effect of Centella asiatica on Cerebral Higher Functions by Uttam Kumar Sharma, Ajay Kumar Sharma and C M Sharma; Chapter 45: Green Tea and Benefits by Shailu Dalal and Anupama Gautam; Chapter 46: Medicinal Plant Conservation by Rekha Sharma; Chapter 47: Antibacterial Activity of Polar Fraction of Callistemon lanceolatus and Callistemon viminalis by Harish Chandra, Arun Pratap Singh, Jatin Kumar Srivastava, Gyanendra Awasthi and Ajay Singh; Chapter 48: Optimization of Procedure for Dyeing of Cotton and Wool Fibres with Bark of Juglans regia as Natural Dyes by S C Sati, J S Jagwan and Manisha Dobhal; Chapter 49: Optimization of Procedure for Dyeing of Wool, Cotton and Silk Fibres by S C Sati, Manisha Dobhal and J S Jagwan; Chapter 50: Medicinal Plant: Utilization and Conservation by Sudha Dubey; Chapter 51: Demographic Dispersion of Weed Flora of Rice, Maize and Wheat in Doon Valley of Uttaranchal by Arun Gupta, S P Joshi, Pramod Uniyal and Asha Dobhal; Chapter 52: A Survey of Wound Healing Plants Used by the Tribal People of Khargone District of Madhya Pradesh by S K Mahajan, Virendra Mandloi and Amit Raghuwanshi; Chapter 53: Angiospermic Diversity, Conservation and Documentation of Some Interesting and Rare Angiospermis of West Nimar District of M P by S K Mahajan, C L Dulkar, M M Keshare and Chelna Sawale; Chapter 54: Healthy Heart by Ayurvedic Herbs by V K Pandey and Reens Pandey; Chapter 55: An Approach to Cure Paralysis and Arthiritis Using Sida conrdifolia by Panchakarma by Harish Chauhan, D R Khanna and R Bhutiani.

Medicinal and aromac plants (MAPs) are invaluable natural resources of use to human race, without which the survival of human/ animal race is incredible. There is an enormous diversity of plants which are put into medicinal, beauty care and culinary purposes. Culvaon of commercially important medicinal plants is in high demand as the global community is growing towards a green and herbal oriented approach. India as a country has thousands of years old tradional medicinal systems which rely solely on medicinal plants. There is a gradual loss of medicinal plants with the increasing demand of plant derived drugs. Majority of medicinal plants are sll collected from the wild. This doesn't meet the demand and thereby pave ways to adulterants. The over extracon and ignorant acvies cause biodiversity loss. Farm producon of MAPs in these days is extremely vulnerable to underlying climate risk. Sustainable management of these resources requires urgent aenon for environmental stability and improvement of livelihood. New income generang opportunies are opening up for rural populaons and in parcular for small-scale farmers as well as marginal farmers through MAPs culvaon. New generaon are not well aware of the various uses of many plants to which it was put before. Thus there is an urgent need to spread the knowledge and conserve the wild populaons of medicinal plant diversity in various forest areas of India. Considering the importance of the MAPs, an aempt was taken in this edited book to understand and highlight the role of MAPs in livelihood improvement and income generaon through culvaon, conservaon and ulisaon. Most of the chapters in this book dealt with individual medicinal plants in detail. Two chapters have also been included on pests and diseases management of MAPs. Nowadays, IPR issues are more important. One chapter has been included on IPR issues on medicinal plants. A chapter also devoted on value addion of the medicinal plant products.