The book describes the difficulties of the current international corporate income tax system. It starts by describing its origins and how changes, such as the development of multinational enterprises and digitalization have created fundamental problems, not foreseen at its inception. These include tax competition—as governments try to attract tax bases through low tax rates or incentives, and profit shifting, as companies avoid tax by reporting profits in jurisdictions with lower tax rates. The book then discusses solutions, including both evolutionary changes to the current system and fundamental reform options. It covers both reform efforts already under way, for example under the Inclusive Framework at the OECD, and potential radical reform ideas developed by academics.

1. Income Tax- An Introduction 2. Important Definitions 3. Assessment Agricultural Income 4. Exempted Incomes 5. Residence and Tax Liability 6. Income from Salaries 7. Income from Salaries (Retirement and Retrenchment) 8. Income from House Property 9. Depreciation 10. Profits and Gains of Business or Profession 11. Capital Gains 12. Income from Other Sources 13. Income Tax Authorities 14. Clubbing of Income and Aggregation of Income 15. Set-off and Carry Forward of Losses 16. Deductions from Gross Total Income 17. Assessment of Individuals (Computation of Total Income) 18. Computation of Tax Liability of Individuals 19. Tax Deduction at Source 20. Assessment Procedure 21. Penalties, Offences and Prosecutions 22. Appeal and Revision 23. Tax-Planning 24. Recovery and Refund of Tax 25. Advance Payment of Tax (a). New Tax Regime (b). Rebate and Relief in Tax (c). Provisions and Procedure of Filing the Return of Income and e-Filing of Income Tax and TDS Returns

This paper reports on the Fund’s income position for FY 2021 following the closing of the Fund’s accounts for the financial year and completion of the external audit. Overall FY 2021 net income amounted to SDR 4.8 billion or SDR 0.7 billion higher than estimated in April, mainly reflecting a larger than anticipated gain reported under IAS 19 (the accounting standard for employee benefits) and endowment returns exceeding earlier projections.

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Inequality is up. Decent work is down. Free market fundamentalism has been exposed as a tragic failure. In a job market upended by COVID-19—with Canadians caught in the grip of precarious labour, stagnant wages, a climate crisis, and the steady creep of automation—an ever-louder chorus of voices calls for a liveable and obligation-free basic income. Could a basic income guarantee be the way forward to democratize security and intervene where the market economy and social programs fail? Jamie Swift and Elaine Power scrutinize the politics and the potential behind a radical proposal in a post-pandemic world: that wealth should be built by a society, not individuals. And that we all have an unconditional right to a fair share. In these pages, Swift and Power bring to the forefront the deeply personal stories of Canadians who participated in the 2017–2019 Ontario Basic Income Pilot; examine the essential literature and history behind the movement; and answer basic income’s critics from both the right and left.