We are delighted to deliver the Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Innovation in Education, Science and Culture (ICIESC). This conference was organized by Research and Community Service Centre of Universitas Negeri Medan (LPPM UNIMED) held virtually on 31 August 2021. By raise up the main theme of Leading Recovery: “The New Innovation in Education, Science and Culture After a Global Pandemic”, the 3rd ICIESC conference shows up several interested topics as a Science Education, Vocational Education, Social Science and Humanities, Management Innovation and Heritage Culture. Some of the topics been interested topic and important to be discussed. With the number participant is 180 participants, who came from Universitas Negeri Medan, Universitas Negeri Makasar, Widyagama University of Malang, Rizal Technological University, Philippine, Sholom-Aleichem Priamursky State University Rusia, Thu Dau Mot University Vietnam. ICIESC consists of 79 papers. The double blinds review process was employed by committee to evaluate all papers, whose members are highly qualified independent researchers in the ICIESC topic area. It has been our privilege to convene this conference. Our sincere thanks, to the conference organizing committee; to the Program Chairs for their wise advice and brilliant suggestion on organizing the technical program and to the Program Committee for their through and timely reviewing of the papers. Recognition should go to the Local Organizing Committee members who have all worked extremely hard for the details of important aspects of the conference programs and social activities. Finally, we hope that this proceedings can bring contribution and inspire you, and result in new knowledge, collaborations, and friendships. Thank you and we hope to meet you again for the next conference of ICIESC.

We are delighted to present the Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Innovation in Education, Science and Culture (ICIESC) that organized by Research and Community Service Centre of Universitas Negeri Medan (LPPM UNIMED). Proceedings of the 4th ICIESC contains several papers that have presented at the seminar with theme Education and Science in time of uncertainty: Recovering for the Future. This conference was held on 11 October 2022 virtually and become a routine agenda annually. The 4th ICIESC was realized this year with various presenters, lecturers, researchers and students from universities both in and out of Indonesia. The 4th International Conference on Innovation in Education, Science and Culture (ICIESC) 2022 shows up as a Mathematics and Natural Science, Material Science, Physics Education, Biology Education, Chemistry Education, Vocational Education, Applied Sciences-Computers, Multimedia Technology, Applied Mathematics, E-learning system, Applied Sciences-Information Technology, Applied Sciences-Engineering, Social Science and Humanities, Management Innovation and Heritage Culture research platform to gather presentations and discussions of recent achievements by leading researchers in academic research. With the number participants 260 participants, who came from the various national and international universities member, research institute, and academician. There are 181 papers passed through rigorous reviews process and accepted by the committee. All of papers reflect the conference scopes and become the latest trend. It has been our privilege to convene this conference. Our sincere thanks, to the conference organizing committee; to the Program Chairs for their wise advice and brilliant suggestion on organizing the technical program and to the Program Committee for their through and timely reviewing of the papers. Recognition should go to the Local Organizing Committee members who have all worked extremely hard for the details of important aspects of the conference programs and social activities. We welcome you to read this proceeding and hope the reader can find according to your interests and scientific field.

This book contains the proceedings of the The 5th Annual International Seminar on Trends in Science and Science Education (AISTSSE) and The 2nd International Conference on Innovation in Education, Science and Culture (ICIESC), where held on 18 October 2018 and 25 September 2018 in same city, Medan, North Sumatera. Both of conferences were organized respectively by Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences and Research Institute, Universitas Negeri Medan. The papers from these conferences collected in a proceedings book entitled: Proceedings of 5th AISTSSE. In publishing process, AISTSSE and ICIESC were collaboration conference presents six plenary and invited speakers from Australia, Japan, Thailand, and from Indonesia. Besides speaker, around 162 researchers covering lecturers, teachers, participants and students have attended in this conference. The researchers come from Jakarta, Yogyakarta, Bandung, Palembang, Jambi, Batam, Pekanbaru, Padang, Aceh, Medan and several from Malaysia, and Thailand. The AISTSSE meeting is expected to yield fruitful result from discussion on various issues dealing with challenges we face in this Industrial Revolution (RI) 4.0. The purpose of AISTSSE is to bring together professionals, academics and students who are interested in the advancement of research and practical applications of innovation in education, science and culture. The presentation of such conference covering multi disciplines will contribute a lot of inspiring inputs and new knowledge on current trending about: Mathematical Sciences, Mathematics Education, Physical Sciences, Physics Education, Biological Sciences, Biology Education, Chemical Sciences, Chemistry Education, and Computer Sciences. Thus, this will contribute to the next young generation researches to produce innovative research findings. Hopely that the scientific attitude and skills through research will promote Unimed to be a well-known university which persist to be developed and excelled. Finally, we would like to express greatest thankful to all colleagues in the steering committee for cooperation in administering and arranging the conference. Hopefully these seminar and conference will be continued in the coming years with many more insight articles from inspiring research. We would also like to thank the invited speakers for their invaluable contribution and for sharing their vision in their talks. We hope to meet you again for the next conference of AISTSSE.

Interdisciplinary views of the debates over and transformation of German cultural identity since unification. The events of 1989 and German unification were seismic historical moments. Although 1989 appeared to signify a healing of the war-torn history of the twentieth century, unification posed the question of German cultural identity afresh. Politicians, historians, writers, filmmakers, architects, and the wider public engaged in "memory contests" over such questions as the legitimacy of alternative biographies, West German hegemony, and the normalization of German history. This dynamic, contested, and still ongoing transformation of German cultural identity is the topic of this volume of new essays by scholars from the United Kingdom, Germany, the United States, and Ireland. It exploresGerman cultural identity by way of a range of disciplines including history, film studies, architectural history, literary criticism, memory studies, and anthropology, avoiding a homogenized interpretation. Charting the complex and often contradictory processes of cultural identity formation, the volume reveals the varied responses that continue to accompany the project of unification. Contributors: Pertti Ahonen, Aleida Assmann, Elizabeth Boa, Peter Fritzsche, Anne Fuchs, Deniz Göktürk, Kathleen James-Chakraborty, Anja K. Johannsen, Jennifer A. Jordan, Jürgen Paul, Linda Shortt, Andrew J. Webber. Anne Fuchs is Professor of German Literature at the University of St.Andrews, Scotland. Kathleen James-Chakraborty is Professor of Art History at University College Dublin, Ireland. Linda Shortt is Lecturer in German at Bangor University, Wales.

A milestone in Japan's post-war philosophical thought and a dramatic turning point in Tanabe's own philosophy, "Philosophy as Metanoetics" calls for nothing less than a complete and radical rethinking of the philosophical task itself. It is a powerful, original work, showing vast erudition in all areas of both Eastern and Western thought.

Advanced art education is in the process of developing research programs throughout Europe. What does the term research actually means in the practice of art? What is the relation to the scientific methods of alpha, beta or gamma sciences, directed toward knowledge production and the development of a certain scientific domaine? What will be the influence of scientific research on the art forms?

"Using principles from cognitive psychology, Nick Kolenda developed a unique way to subconsciously influence people's thoughts. He developed a "mind reading" stage show depicting that phenomenon, and his demonstrations have been seen by over a million people across the globe. Methods of Persuasion reveals that secret for the first time. You'll learn how to use those principles to influence people's thoughts in your own life."--Publisher's description.