Malay text, parallel English translation.

In this travel-diary Ahmad Rijaluddin recorded his impressions of a visit to Calcutta in 1810. Although the hikayat purports to give a description of negeri Benggala, the author focuses on Calcutta's government House. He is fascinated by the might and majesty of Raya Benggala. Ahmad's description is on the whole realistic and not without its humor, yet his style is conventional and reveals little of the writer's personality.

The pilgrimage to Mecca, or Hajj, has been a yearly phenomenon of great importance in Muslim lands for well over one thousand years. Each year, millions of pilgrims from throughout the Dar al-Islam, or Islamic world, stretching from Morocco east to Indonesia, make the trip to Mecca as one of the five pillars of their faith. By the end of the nineteenth century, and the beginning of the twentieth, fully half of all pilgrims making the journey in any given year could come from Southeast Asia. The Longest Journey, spanning eleven modern nation-states and seven centuries, is the first book to offer a history of the Hajj from one of Islam's largest and most important regions.

11 Fairs and pilgrimages as points of intersections: the case of medieval western Maharashtra -- 12 Continuing routes, changed intersections: a study of Fort St. George (Madras) in the seventeenth century

In the field of Malay Studies, the traditional artist is among the most mysterious of beings, deeply buried under a tradition that was oral and anonymous. He is more enigmatic now, more than ever before, as he is further alienated from us, by the technological development, the different modes of literary communication, and not the least, by the disappearance of the rural environment that created the artist - all of these factors much influencing his mind. There is no doubt that much as he felt (rasa) the world, he also thought, fikir, about it, about its universe, the powers that governed his life, the community, its values, the arts and what made them please and so on.

This publication is a biographical account of the founder of Singapore, Sir Stamford Raffles, through a study of the lives of his closest friends and contemporaries. Some of the personalities featured include William Brown Ramsay, John Leyden and Thomas Horsfield.