Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have attracted immense research interests as one of the most promising energy storage devices for grid-scale energy storage. However, designing cost-effective systems with high energy and power density as well as long cycle life is still a big challenge for the development of next-generation RFBs. Eutectic electrolytes as a novel class of electrolytes have been recently explored to enhance the energy density of RFBs as they offer advantageous features such as low cost, ease of preparation, and high concentration of active materials. On the other hand, promising organic molecules with high solubility are also considered as potential candidates for next-generation RFBs due to the high tunability of redox potential, solubility, and stability. Furthermore, it is also necessary to design low-cost and high-performance membranes to realize the long-term stable cycling of RFBs. Here, the eutectic concept has been proposed as a new strategy to enable the design of highly concentrated electrolytes, thus boosting the energy density. The metal-based eutectic electrolytes are mainly formed by mixing anhydrous/hydrated metal halides with hydrogen bond donors (HBDs), such as urea or acetamide. Two metal-based eutectic electrolytes (Al & Fe) are mainly synthesized and studied and their redox reactions and physicochemical properties can be highly tuned. In the end, an all eutectic-based RFBs with high energy density is demonstrated. Besides, by incorporating the eutectic concept with the advantageous features of organic molecules, it becomes an alternative strategy to maximize the molar fraction of active species in organic-based eutectic electrolytes. Organic redox species can be further adopted to develop promising electrolytes with high concentration. By screening possible molecular structures integrated with molecular engineering and fundamental understanding, azobenzene- and organodisulfide-based molecules are found as promising redox species for high-energy and long-life RFBs. They show high solubility in supporting electrolytes and their electrochemical properties, stability, and redox chemistry are systematically studied via detailed electrochemical characterization and advanced calculation methods. Last but not least, we also explored the design of new membranes for RFBs. By utilizing the lamellar structure of stacked graphene oxide sheets or metal-organic frameworks, the designed membranes have the potential to provide high ionic conductivity and high selectivity for RFB applications. By integrating the highly concentrated electrolytes and new membrane design, we aim to provide an effective strategy to design the next-generation RFBs for grid-scale applications

Flow batteries have received attention in large-scale energy storage due to their flexible design, high safety, high energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness. In recent years, they have been rapidly developed and tested in a variety of scales that prove their feasibility and advantages of use. As energy becomes a global focus, it is important to consider flow battery systems. This book offers a detailed introduction to the function of different kinds of redox flow batteries, including vanadium flow batteries, as well as the electrochemical processes for their development, materials and components, applications, and near future prospects. Redox Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications will give readers a full understanding of flow batteries from fundamentals to commercial applications.

As energy produced from renewable sources is increasingly integrated into the electricity grid, interest in energy storage technologies for grid stabilisation is growing. This book reviews advances in battery technologies and applications for medium and large-scale energy storage. Chapters address advances in nickel, sodium and lithium-based batteries. Other chapters review other emerging battery technologies such as metal-air batteries and flow batteries. The final section of the book discuses design considerations and applications of batteries in remote locations and for grid-scale storage. Reviews advances in battery technologies and applications for medium and large-scale energy storage Examines battery types, including zing-based, lithium-air and vanadium redox flow batteries Analyses design issues and applications of these technologies

Redox reactions are central to the major element cycling, many cell cycles, many chemisorption and physisorption processes, trace element mobility from rocks and sediments toward wells, aquifers, trace element toxicity toward life forms, and most remediation schemes including water treatments; over the last three decades, the field has attracted a lot of scientists, and a great deal of researches has been done in redox chemistry. This book provides a very broad overview of the state of the art of understanding redox processes, which starts with giving a concise introduction that describes the origin, historical background, and the development of the redox definitions. The book is organized into two sections that include ten chapters and introduces, in Section 1, generalized electron balance theory and its applications in electrolytic redox systems, redox-active molecules and its applications in device memory, fundamentals and applications of flow batteries and their integration into antidirect current, and donor acceptor titrations of displacement and electronic transference. Section 2 introduces redox in biological processes, including roles of reactive oxygen species in respiration, metabolism, and regulations, and redox in physiological processes as redox-sensitive TRP channels TRPA1 and TRPM2. All chapters are written by different authors (with the exception of Chapter 1 [Introduction]). This clearly reflects the broad range of topics that have been covered by experts in the field.

The authoritative textbook for those who want to enter the field of electrochemical energy storage research.

An excellent resource for all graduate students and researchers using electrochemical techniques. After introducing the reader to the fundamentals, the book focuses on the latest developments in the techniques and applications in this field. This second edition contains new material on environmentally-friendly solvents, such as room-temperature ionic liquids.