The magnitude and variation of forces and shear stresses, caused by frost heaving in Fairbanks silt and the adfreeze effects of a surface ice layer and a gravel layer, were determined as a function of depth by using electric strain gauges along the upper 2.75 m of a pop pile, 30.5-cm I.D. x 0.95-cm wall, and an H-pile, 25.4-cm web x 85 kg/lineal m. The peak frost heaving forces on the H-pile for three consecutive winter seasons (1982-1985) were 752,790 and 802 kN, respectively. Peak frost heaving forces on the pipe pile of 1118 and 1115 kN were determined only for the second and third winter seasons. Maximum average shear stresses acting on the H-pile were 256,348 and 308 kPa during the three winter seasons. Maximum average shear stresses acting on the pipe pile were 627 and 972 kPa for the second and third winter seasons. Ice collars were placed around the tops of both piles during the first and third winter seasons to measure the adfreeze effects of a surface ice layer. The ice layer may have contributed 15 to 20% of the peak forces measured on the piles. A 0.6-m-thick gravel layer replaced the soil around the tops of both piles for the second and third winter seasons to measure the adfreeze effects of a gravel backfill. The gravel layer on the H-pile may have contributed about 35% of the peak forces measured. Maximum heaving forces and shear stresses occurred during periods of maximum cold and soil surface heave magnitude. These were not related to the depth of frost penetration for most of the winter since forst was present at all depths extending to the permafrost table. (mjm).

Bursting with wonder and delicate despair, Serrie Sullivan longs for the world, but she’s trapped, just like Dorothy in Oz. Serrie’s got a nasty secret. It’s festering inside her, because in the gothic Annapolis Valley, hey, that’s what you do — you never show and you never, ever tell. As she dashes from her wedding altar on the run of her life, ardently wanting to understand what has brought her to this moment, Serrie sweeps us up in an exhilarating and poignant journey from rural Nova Scotia to London bars, to strip clubs by the docks, through mental hospital wards and rehab centres, back to quiet verandahs and porch swings in serene Lupin Cove. Along the way we meet a delightful array of off-beat characters including Serrie’s best friends, Dearie and Elizabeth: Dearie, the anglicized Acadian who wants to go to New Orleans to find her Cajun relatives, and Elizabeth, who would like nothing better than to spend the rest of her life picking strawberries. Heave explores the joys and agonies of family, of what one generation inherits from the next, and of how past and present are inexorably linked. Memories weave through the book as Serrie searches for equanimity in a life that intoxicates her with its beauty as it knocks her to her knees.