Though in the past online learning was considered of poorer professional quality than classroom learning, it has become a useful and, in some cases, vital tool for promoting the inclusivity of education. Some of its benefits include allowing greater accessibility to educational resources previously unattainable by those in rural areas, and in current times, it has proven to be a critical asset as universities shut down due to natural disasters and pandemics. Examining the current state of distance learning and determining online assessment tools and processes that can enhance the online learning experience are clearly crucial for the advancement of modern education. The Handbook of Research on Determining the Reliability of Online Assessment and Distance Learning is a collection of pioneering investigations on the methods and applications of digital technologies in the realm of education. It provides a clear and extensive analysis of issues regarding online learning while also offering frameworks to solve these addressed problems. Moreover, the book reviews and evaluates the present and intended future of distance learning, focusing on the societal and employer perspective versus the academic proposals. While highlighting topics including hybrid teaching, blended learning, and telelearning, this book is ideally designed for teachers, academicians, researchers, educational administrators, and students.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many educational institutions implemented social distancing interventions such as initiating closure, developing plans for employees to work remotely, and transitioning teaching and learning from face-to-face classrooms to online environments. The abrupt switch to online teaching and learning, for the most part, has been a massive change for administration, faculty, and students at traditional brick-and-mortar universities and colleges as concerns regarding the pedagogical soundness of this mode of delivery remain among some stakeholders. Not only that, but the switch has also revealed the inequities in the system when it comes to the types of students universities serve. It is important as institutions move forward with online instruction that consideration be made about all students and what policies and strategies need to be put into place to help support and meet the needs of all constituents now or when unprecedented situations arise. The only way this can be done is by documenting the experiences through the eyes of faculty who were at the frontline of providing instruction and advising services to students. The Handbook of Research on Inequities in Online Education During Global Crises brings to light the struggles faculty and students faced as they were required to switch to online education during the global COVID-19 health crisis. This crisis has revealed inequities in the educational system as well as the specific effects of inequities when it comes to learning online, and the chapters in this book provide information to help institutions be better prepared for online education or remote learning in the future. While highlighting topics such as new educational trends, remote instruction, diversity in education, and teaching and learning in a pandemic, this book is ideal for in-service and preservice teachers, administrators, teacher educators, practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students interested in the inequalities within the educational systems and the new policies and strategies put in place with online education to combat these issues and support the needs of all diverse student populations.

Teaching models that focus on blended and virtual learning have become important during the past year and have become integral for the continuance of learning. The i²Flex classroom model, a variation of blended learning, allows non-interactive teaching activities to take place without teachers’ direct involvement, freeing up time for more meaningful teacher-student and student-student interactions. There is evidence that i²Flex leads to increased student engagement and motivation as well as better exploitation of teachers’ and classroom time leading to the development of higher order cognitive skills as well as study skills for students' future needs related to citizenship, college, and careers. The Handbook of Research on K-12 Blended and Virtual Learning Through the i²Flex Classroom Model focuses not only on how to design, deliver, and evaluate courses, but also on how to assess teacher performance in a blended i2Flex way at the K12 level. The book will discuss the implementation of the i²Flex (isquareFlex), a non-traditional learning methodology, which integrates internet-based delivery of content and instruction with faculty-guided, student-independent learning in combination with face-to-face classroom instruction aiming at developing higher order cognitive skills within a flexible learning design framework. While highlighting new methods for improving the classroom and learning experience in addition to preparing students for higher education and careers, this publication is an essential reference source for pre-service and in-service teachers, researchers, administrators, educational technology developers, and students interested in how the i2Flex model was implemented in classrooms and the effects of this learning model.

Online instruction is rapidly expanding the way administrators and educators think about and plan instruction. In addition, due to a pandemic, online instructional practices and learning in a virtual environment are being implemented with very little training or support. Educators are learning new tools and strategies at a quick pace, and often on their own, even through resistance. It is important to explore lessons learned through the pandemic but also of importance is sharing the virtual classroom options and instruction that align to best practices when transitioning to online instruction. Sharing these will allow educators to understand and learn that virtual instruction can benefit all, even when not used out of need, and can enhance face-to-face courses in many ways. The Handbook of Research on Lessons Learned From Transitioning to Virtual Classrooms During a Pandemic is a critical reference that presents lessons instructors have learned throughout the COVID-19 pandemic including what programs and tools were found to be the most impactful and useful and how to effectively embed virtual teaching into face-to-face teaching. With difficult choices to be made and implemented, this topic and collection of writings demonstrates the learning curve in a state of survival and also lessons and resources learned that will be useful when moving back to face-to-face instruction as a tool to continue to use. Highlighted topics include the frustrations faced during the transition, lessons learned from a variety of viewpoints, resources found and used to support instruction, online learner perspectives and thoughts, online course content, and best practices in transitioning to online instruction. This book is ideal for teachers, principals, school leaders, instructional designers, curriculum developers, higher education professors, pre-service teachers, in-service teachers, practitioners, researchers, and anyone interested in developing more effective virtual and in-classroom teaching methods.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on PK-12 education has halted traditional education but has also fostered innovation in distance learning, parental involvement in their children's education, and families' coping mechanisms when forced to "self-quarantine." The educational community is thirsting for strategies, methods, and tools to help with prevention of gaps in the education of youth during this pandemic and in preparation of future global crises. Educational Recovery for PK-12 Education During and After a Pandemic builds awareness of the needs prevalent to the education of PK-12 students effectively during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and provides tools and strategies to assist these students as they grapple with new teaching and learning styles. This book provides timely information to support new modes of teaching and learning during this unprecedented time and fosters traditional methods of education while concurrently respecting guidelines set by the CDC to keep students safe and eliminate gaps in learning. It also benefits the educational community by leading the field in innovative steps to effectively educate PK-12 students so they will continue to be contributing members of society albeit surviving the most devastating epidemic in the last 100 years. Focusing on a wide range of topics such as student mental health, learning gaps, and best teaching practices, this book is ideal for teachers, administrators, district superintendents, counselors, psychologists, social workers, parents, academicians, researchers, and students.

Innovative and creative teaching methods tailored to meet the demands of the current era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 are becoming increasingly prevalent in higher education institutions. Educators must cultivate and implement these strategies in their classrooms to incorporate the essential skills of Education 4.0 and digitalization in education. This book aims to explore and showcase various aspects of innovative pedagogies for Higher Education 4.0, drawing from best practices worldwide to provide a comprehensive understanding of this evolving field. Innovative Pedagogical Practices for Higher Education 4.0 highlights the cutting‐edge technologies essential for Education 4.0 and equips educators with the skills required for 21st‐century teaching. Through international case studies, this book explores the integration of educational technology, illuminating the obstacles encountered by educational institutions aiming to embrace Education 4.0 in higher education settings. Furthermore, it presents inventive tools and strategies for harnessing technology in teaching, offering a new outlook on innovative pedagogies. This book meets the need for solutions that tackle the challenges of Education 4.0 and demonstrates how these challenges can be overcome through innovative pedagogies for student learning in higher education institutions. It is a valuable resource for educators, specialists, academic institutions, and policymakers seeking practical solutions in the ever‐evolving landscape of education.

The advent of the internet and social media were landmarks in furthering communication technologies. Through social media websites, families, friends, and communities could connect in a way never seen. Though these websites are helpful tools in facilitating positive interaction, they have also allowed users to verbally attack and bully each other with no fear of repercussion. Moreover, online predators will often use these tools to harass, stalk, and in some cases even lure their victims. Particularly rampant among adolescents, these harmful actions must be mitigated in order to safeguard the mental health and physical safety of users. The Research Anthology on Combating Cyber-Aggression and Online Negativity discusses the research behind cyber-aggression and cyber bullying, as well as methods to predict and prevent online negativity. It presents policy, technological, and human intervention practices against cyber-aggression. Covering topics such as media literacy, demographic variables, and workplace cyberbullying, this major reference work is a critical resource for students and educators of higher education, libraries, social media administrators, government organizations, K-12 teachers, computer scientists, sociologists, psychologists, human resource managers, researchers, and academicians.