The Air Force is responsible for thousands of sites throughout the United States and abroad that are contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons such as jet fuel, diesel fuel, gasoline, and heating oil. Despite significant improvements in fuels management over the past 20 years, equipment failures and human error will continue to create new spills which may require remediation. The purpose of this handbook is to provide Air Force environmental managers and their supporting technical specialists with a comprehensive strategy for cost-effectively cleaning up soils and groundwater contaminated by petroleum releases.

The Air Force is responsible for thousands of sites throughout the United States and abroad that are contamnated with petroleum hydrocarbons such as jet fuel, diesel fuel, gasoline, and heating oil. Despite significant improvements in fuels management over the past 20 years, equipment failures and human error will continue to create new spills which may require remediation. The purpose of this handbook is to provide Air Force environmental managers and their supporting technical specialists with a comprehensive strategy for cost-effectively cleaning up soils and groundwater contaminated by petroleum releases. The original Air Force Handbook for Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Sites, which was published in 1993, has been updated to include the most recent advances in site investigation techniques and remedial approaches and technologies. In addition, since publication of the 1993 handbook, positive regulatory changes have taken place as the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and a majority of state regulatory agencies have adopted more flexible, risk-based regulations for petroleum release sites. In addition, many states now recognize natural attenuation as a viable treatment alternative for petroleum-contaminated groundwater. These regulatory changes have had significant impacts on the remediation process, and have been fully incorporated into this new handbook.

These three volumes provide valuable information to help bring rational and scientifically feasible solutions to petroleum contaminated soils. State-of-the-art information on both technical and regulatory issues is covered, including environmental fate, health effects, risk assessment and remedial alternatives. They show why petroleum contaminated soils are a problem - and propose solutions for that problem. These books are an excellent reference for regulatory personnel and environmental consultants at all levels.

Based on proven investigation into cleanup techniques, the material in this manual gives engineers a working knowledge of the field and a basis for making key decisions during the cleanup process. It is easy to get petroleum into the ground, but hard to get it back out again. The problem does not exist in the groundwater or the soil alone, but in a dynamic balance between the soil, water, and air in the soil. Gasoline and any of its volatile components can and do move between the soil, air and water, and they cost billions of dollars every year in contamination cleanup. This new book provides the information needed for cost- and time-effective petroleum-contaminated site cleanup. Originally developed as an oil company's training aid, this book discusses the hows and whys of site cleanup-geology, data gathering, cleanup alternatives, remediation costs, and manage-ment of consultants/contractors Plus the_book contains a criti-cal examination of the benefits and limitations of each type of remediation technology. There is never only one way to clean up a particular site. The choice of the method of cleanup is one of the greatest factors affecting the cost. Another important cost factor is the level of cleanup required to satisfy the regulatory cleanup community. This new book will not only provide a fundamental under-standing of site remediation techniques but also the knowledge to make cost-effective, environmentally-sound choices during the remediation process. Copies of this handy manual are available for immediate delivery. An order form follows the detailed table of contents on the reverse.