He occasionally made photographs until his death in poverty there in 1884, leaving behind some of the most dazzling photographic images of his era.".

A pioneer of techniques, a gifted teacher, and early architectural photographer, Le Gray was also the founder of artistic photography. His seascapes and cloud studies, today among the market’s most valuable prints, earned him overnight fame and admiration by the Impressionists.

A novel look at the relationship between Impressionist painting and photography and the forging of a national identity in France between 1850 and 1880 Between 1850 and 1880, Impressionist landscape painting and early forms of photography flourished within the arts in France. In the context of massive social and political change that also marked this era, painters and photographers composed competing visions of France as modern and industrialized or as rural and anti-modern. Impressionist France explores the resonances between landscape art and national identity as reflected in the paintings and photographs made during this period, examining and illustrating in particular the works of key artists such as Édouard Baldus, Gustave Le Gray, the Bisson Frères, Édouard Manet, Jean-François Millet, Claude Monet, Charles Nègre, and Camille Pissarro. This ambitious premise focuses on the whole of France, exploring the relationship between landscape art and the notion of French nationhood across the country's varied and spectacular landscapes in seven geographical sections and four scholarly essays, which provide new information regarding the production and impact of French Impressionism. Distributed for the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art and the Saint Louis Museum of Art Exhibition Schedule: Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (10/19/13-02/09/14) Saint Louis Art Museum (03/16/14-07/06/14)

In the years following the announcement of the invention of photography in 1839, practitioners in France gave shape to this intriguing new medium through experimental printing techniques and innovative compositions. The rich body of work they developed proved foundational to the establishment of early photography, from the introduction of the paper negative in the late 1840s to the proliferation of more standardized equipment and photomechanical technology in the 1860s. The essays in this elegant volume investigate the early history of the medium when the ambiguities inherent in the photograph were ardently debated. Focusing on the French photographers who worked with paper negatives, especially the key figures Édouard Baldus, Gustave Le Gray, Henri Le Secq, and Charles Nègre, Real/Ideal explores photography’s status as either fine art or industrial product (or both), its repertoire of subject matter, its ideological functions, and even the ever-experimental photographic process itself.

Each of the book's essays is in itself a "Parisian view." The fragmented, layered quality of the text allows the author to avoid making a linear narrative out of a subject that is enriched by multiple perspectives. Yet all of the essays revolve around a central theme: the creation of modern urban space, in both two and three dimensions, and the impact of this space on the lives of those who walked the streets of Paris of the nineteenth century.

"The Normany coast ... has long captured the interest of artists. Its seascapes are featured in the work of Impressionist masters Monet, Manet and Boudin. Its seafaring life is well-documented in the work of writers such as Victor Hugo and Guy de Maupassant. Through a stunning selection of paintings, photographs and drawings, [this work] argues that a unique convergence of forces - social, artistic, technological and commercial - along the Normandy coast impacted the development of early Impressionism and made Normandy a nexus for photographers and the avant-garde painters of the late nineteenth century ... The framing dates are 1850, when artists began photographing in Normandy ... and 1874, the year in which Claude Monet's painting Impression :Sunrise was exhibited ... The Lens of Impressionism explores the dialogue between the two media and the backdrop against which both evolved"--Publisher's description.