Two facilities were constructed for synthesis of protective thin films. The first system utilized the recently developed Laser Absorption Wave Deposition (LAWD) technique. With this technique multiple layers of ultrahard carbon films can be grown directly on a variety of surfaces. A pulsed infrared laser is used to create a highly ionized plasma in an atmosphere of a gas mixture, such as methane in hydrogen, into which a plume of ablation particles from a suitably placed target are brought. The ablation particles can be coated and deposited on a substrate. The second system utilized Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (ECR-PECVD). This technique can be used to grow a wide variety of thin films using a microwave plasma source. The energy of arriving adatoms varies from a few to several hundred eV. Films will be grown and characterized under a three year, separately funded ARO program for the growth of protective films on structural substrates such as Fe, W and Ta.

Polymer Nanocomposite Films and Coatings: Processes, Fundamental Properties and Applications presents a comprehensive review on the fundamental chemistry, physics, biology and engineering aspects of polymer nanocomposite films and coatings.The content of the book covers design configuration, synthesis and processing methods, structure, fundamental properties, and a wide range of applications in diverse research fields. Various unresolved issues and new technical challenges regarding regulatory affairs, safety considerations and environmental and health impact are also discussed in detail.The book will be a valuable reference resource for scientists, engineers, and postgraduate students, working in the field of polymer composites and nanocomposites helping them to find solutions to both fundamental and applied problems associated with this important research field. - Presents recent research developments in the synthesis, processing, functionalization, and properties of polymer nanocomposite films and coatings - Covers applications in electronics and optoelectronic devices, sensors and actuators, solar energy, food packaging, anticorrosion, anti-wear, antifouling, electromagnetic interference shielding, dielectric, aerospace, and textile industries as well as in biomedical fields for antibacterial, antifungal, and drug delivery applications - Includes comprehensive coverage with a global, internationally recognized author-base

This book provides a concise state of the art of the synthesis and properties of nanocomposite particles with interest for diverse bio-applications. Contributions are mainly related to the chemical design of nanocomposite particles, their properties as well as their constituent materials, and the tailoring of bio-interfaces that may be relevant to

This book discusses the fundamental, synthesis, properties, physico-chemical characterizations and applications of recently explored nanocomposite materials. It covers the applications of these different nanocomposite materials in the environmental and energy harvesting fields. The chapters explore the different techniques used for preparation and characterization of several types of nanocomposite materials for applications related to environmental and energy pathways. This book presents a panorama of current research in the field of nanocomposite structures for different applications. It also assesses the advantages and disadvantages of using different types of nanocomposite in the design of different material products. The comprehensive chapters explain the interactions between nanocomposite materials and mechanisms related to applications in environmental pollution and energy shortage.

Created in 1982 through the Small Business Innovation Development Act, the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program remains the nation's single largest innovation program for small business. The SBIR program offers competitive awards to support the development and commercialization of innovative technologies by small private-sector businesses. At the same time, the program provides government agencies with technical and scientific solutions that address their different missions. SBIR at the Department of Defense considers ways that the Department of Defense SBIR program could work better in addressing the congressional objectives for the SBIR program to stimulate technological innovation, use small businesses to meet federal research and development (R & D) needs, foster and encourage the participation of socially and economically disadvantaged small businesses, and increase the private sector commercialization of innovations derived from federal R&D. An earlier report, An Assessment of the Small Business Innovation Research Program at the Department of Defense, studied how the SBIR program has stimulated technological innovation and used small businesses to meet federal research and development needs. This report builds on the previous one, with a revised survey of SBIR companies. SBIR at the Department of Defense revisits some case studies from the 2009 study and develops new ones, and interviews agency managers and other stakeholders to provide a second snapshot of the program's progress toward achieving its legislative goals.

The emergence of nanoscience portends a revolution in technology that will soon impact virtually every facet of our technological lives. Yet there is little understanding of what it is among the educated public and often among scientists and engineers in other disciplines. Furthermore, despite the emergence of undergraduate courses on the subject, no basic textbooks exist. Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies bridges the gap between detailed technical publications that are beyond the grasp of nonspecialists and popular science books, which may be more science fiction than fact. It provides a fascinating, scientifically sound treatment, accessible to engineers and scientists outside the field and even to students at the undergraduate level. After a basic introduction to the field, the authors explore topics that include molecular nanotechnology, nanomaterials and nanopowders, nanoelectronics, optics and photonics, and nanobiometrics. The book concludes with a look at some cutting-edge applications and prophecies for the future. Nanoscience will bring to the world technologies that today we can only imagine and others of which we have not yet dreamt. This book lays the groundwork for that future by introducing the subject to those outside the field, sparking the imaginations of tomorrow's scientists, and challenging them all to participate in the advances that will bring nanotechnology's potential to fruition.

Materialwissenschaftler sind oft mit dem Problem konfrontiert, unter Erhalt der Form und Eigenschaften eines Objektes dessen Oberfläche zu modifizieren. Dieses Buch bietet einen ausführlichen Überblick über Adsorption aus Lösung, eine neue Technologie für die Herstellung von molekular geordneten Mehrkomponentenfilmen. Diese Technik soll die wohlbekannte Langmuir-Blodgett-Technik erweitern und ersetzen, um das Phänomen der molekularen Selbstanordnung für Material- und Biowissenschaften zugänglich zu machen. Das Buch ist für Wissenschaftler gedacht, die mehrere funktionale Komponenten in einem einzigen Bauelement integrieren wollen, und präsentiert dieser Leserschaft die Schicht-für-Schicht Aufbautechnik als die derzeitige leistungsfähigste Beschichtungstechnologie, deren Vorteile geringe Kosten, Robustheit und Schichtaufbau aus Lösungen sind. Derzeit befindet sie sich bereits im Übergang vom Labor zur industriellen Massenfertigung.