A new hydrodynamical interpolation technique has been developed and tested to construct a model of global ocean tides with the support of empirical tidal constants collected around the world. The discrete tide model features a 1 deg by 1 deg graded grid system in connection with a hydrodynamically defined bathymetry. The Laplace tidal equations are augmented by turbulent friction terms with novel mesh-area (latitude and depth) dependent eddy-viscosity and bottom-friction coefficients. The well-known astronomical tide-generating forces are modified by effects due to solid earth tides and ocean-tidal loading. New averaged finite differences in time are used to enhance stability characteritics and to facilitate the hydrodynamical interpolation of empirical data. This unique interpolation is accomplished by a controlled adjustment of the bottom-friction coefficient and by redefining a more physical shoreline. Extensive computer experiments were conducted to study the characteristics of the novel friction laws and hydrodynamical interpolation methods. The computed M2 tide data along with all (specially labeled) empirical constants are tabulated in map form for four typical 30 by 50 deg ocean areas. A complete tabulation and discussion of the computed M2 tide will be published in Part II of this report. It is estimated that the tabulated tidal charts permit a prediction of the M2-tide elevation of the ocean surface over the geoidal level with an accuracy of better than 5 cm anywhere in the open ocean and with somewhat less accuracy near rough shorelines.

In Part I (Schwiderski, 1978a) of this report, a unique hydrodynamical interpolation technique was introduced, extensively tested, and evaluated in order to compute partial global ocean tides in great detail and with a high degree of accuracy. This novel method has been applied to construct the diurnal elliptical lunar (Q1) ocean tide with a relative accuracy of better than 5 cm anywhere in the open oceans. The resulting tidal amplitudes and phases are tabulated on a 1 x 1 deg grid system in an atlas of 42 x 71 deg overlapping charts covering the whole oceanic globe. A corresponding atlas of global corange and cotidal maps is included to provide the reader with a quick general overview of the major tidal phenomena. The specifying hydrodynamical parameters of the model are listed along with quoted sources of empirical tide data, and significant tidal features are explained and discussed. The diurnal Q1 tide resembles all other computed diurnal tides K1, O1, and P1 (see Part IV, V, and VII). Qualitative similarities exist also between the diurnal and semidiurnal species M2, S2, N2, and K2 (see Parts II, III, VI, and VIII). (Author).

In Part I (Schwiderski, 1978a) of this report, a unique hydrodynamical interpolation technique was introduced, extensively tested, and evaluated in order to compute partial global ocean tides in great detail and with a high degree of accuracy. This novel method has been applied to construct the diurnal principal solar (P1) ocean tide with a relative accuracy of better than 5 cm anywhere in the open oceans. The resulting tidal amplitudes and phases are tabulated on a 1 deg X 1 deg grid system in an atlas of 42 deg X 71 deg overlapping charts covering the whole oceanic globe. A corresponding atlas of global corange and cotidal maps is included to provide the reader with a quick general overview of the major tidal phenomena. The specifying hydrodynamical parameters of the model are listed along with quoted sources of empirical tide data, and significant tidal features are explained and discussed. As expected, since the periods of the diurnal tides P1 (24.07h) and K1 (23.93 h) differ by only 0.14 h, these two tides resemble very closely each other (compare Part IV). Significant differences occur only in regions of rapid tidal variations. Of course, P1 resembles also the diurnal 01 tide but to a visibly lesser degree (see Part V). (Author).

In Part I of this report (AD-A060 913), a unique hydrodynamical interpolation technique was introduced, extensively tested, and evaluated in order to compute partial global ocean tides in great detail and with a high degree of accuracy. This novel method has been applied to construct the diurnal principal lunar (O1) ocean tide with a relative accuracy of better than 5 cm anywhere in the open oceans. The resulting tidal amplitudes and phases are tabulated on a 1 deg x 1 deg grid system in an atlas of 42 deg x 71 deg overlapping charts covering the whole oceanic globe. A corresponding atlas of global corange and cotidal maps is included to provide the reader with a quick general overview of the major tidal phenomena. The specifying hydrodynamical parameters of the model are listed along with quoted sources of empirical tide data, and significant tidal features are explained and discussed. The diurnal O1 ocean tide is found to resemble closely the diurnal K1 tide and qualitatively also the semidiurnal S2 and M2 tides which were presented in Parts IV, III, and II of this report, respectively (AD's A104 334, A104 333, and A084 694).

Consists of refereed papers by the world's leading authorities on tidal hydrodynamics. Its forty-four papers, including nine review papers, cover all aspects of the subject and present, for the first time in one place, state of the art treatments of recent advances including tidal detection from satellite altimetry, global tide modeling, nonlinear tidal interactions and internal tidal phenomena.