Global monitoring report on financial protection in health 2021
Title | Global monitoring report on financial protection in health 2021 PDF eBook |
Author | World Health Organization |
Publisher | World Health Organization |
Pages | 132 |
Release | 2021-12-10 |
Genre | Social Science |
ISBN | 9240040951 |
The 2021 Global monitoring report on financial protection in health shows that before the COVID-19 pandemic, the world was off-track to reduce financial hardship due to health expenditures because trends in catastrophic health spending were going in the wrong direction and the number of people incurring impoverishing health spending remained unacceptably high (Chapter 1). Chapter 2 summarizes emerging evidence on the consequence of the pandemic and the related macroeconomic and fiscal crisis that points to the likely worsening of financial protection for households, particularly as a result of declining income and consumption, along with rising poverty and inequality.
Global monitoring report on financial protection in health 2021
Title | Global monitoring report on financial protection in health 2021 PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | World Health Organization |
Pages | 14 |
Release | 2022-04-01 |
Genre | Health & Fitness |
ISBN | 9240045147 |
Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021
Title | Global Monitoring Report on Financial Protection in Health 2021 PDF eBook |
Author | World Health Organization |
Publisher | |
Pages | |
Release | 2021 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Financial protection is an intrinsic part of universal health coverage (UHC) and, together with service coverage, is one of the health systems' goals. Financial protection is achieved when: there are no financial barrier to access; and direct payments required to obtain health services (outof-pocket health spending) are not a source of financial hardship. A full account of financial hardship requires monitoring of impoverishing health expenditures, including any amount spent on health out-of-pocket by the poor, in addition to large out-of-pocket health spending. Out-of-pocket (OOP) health spending is an inefficient and inequitable way of financing health and should be reduced as much as possible in favour of pre-payment mechanisms. When it contributes to health financing, it should not be borne disproportionately by the poor and not at all by the poorest. Since 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank have been reporting progress on reducing financial hardship at the global level using two main indicators: i) the incidence of catastrophic health spending, defined as the population with large OOP spending in relation to household consumption or income (Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicator 3.8.2 with 'large' defined using two thresholds 10% and 25%); and ii) recognizing that even lower thresholds of OOP health spending in consumption or income can lead to financial hardship, the proportion of the population impoverished by OOP health spending. This report goes one step further, to include a focus on the poor spending any amount on health OOP. Those payments matter: they represent a major challenge to "End poverty in all its forms everywhere" (SDG 1) arising from OOP health spending by the poorest. Tracking all OOP health spending is critical to monitoring financial hardship across the whole population, in line with the pledge to leave no one behind that is at the heart of the SDGs.
Tracking universal health coverage: 2021 global monitoring report. Executive summary
Title | Tracking universal health coverage: 2021 global monitoring report. Executive summary PDF eBook |
Author | World Health Organization |
Publisher | World Health Organization |
Pages | 11 |
Release | 2022-03-31 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 9240045465 |
Tracking universal health coverage
Title | Tracking universal health coverage PDF eBook |
Author | The World Bank |
Publisher | World Health Organization |
Pages | 16 |
Release | 2023-11-14 |
Genre | Health & Fitness |
ISBN | 9240080392 |
The world is off track to make significant progress towards universal health coverage (UHC) (SDG target 3.8) by 2030 as improvements to health services coverage have stagnated since 2015, and the proportion of the population that faced catastrophic levels of out-of-pocket (OOP) health spending has increased.
Tracking universal health coverage
Title | Tracking universal health coverage PDF eBook |
Author | World Health Organization |
Publisher | World Health Organization |
Pages | 156 |
Release | 2023-11-07 |
Genre | Health & Fitness |
ISBN | 9240080376 |
Tracking universal health coverage: 2021 global monitoring report
Title | Tracking universal health coverage: 2021 global monitoring report PDF eBook |
Author | World Health Organization |
Publisher | World Health Organization |
Pages | 112 |
Release | 2021-12-12 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 9240040617 |