Visit any large metropolitan area in the world, and you'll feel theurgent need for innovative solutions to the many problems that facethe modern urban center. Geo-Space Urban Design offers a revolutionary proposal that willlead future urban growth quite literally in a differentdirection--down. Gideon Golany and Toshio Ojima clearly demonstratethat subsurface urban expansion is not only practical and feasible,but also that it can reverse many of the negative effects normallyassociated with urban expansion. They present a comprehensive andsystematic plan for developing underground spaces fortransportation, delivery systems, infrastructure, residences,shopping and commercial spaces, and social and cultural activities.The authors focus on integrating geo-space with existingabove-ground structures and offer well-illustrated examples ofspecific design theories and methods. They also anticipate avariety of contingent issues, such as land ownership, legal rights,and psychological adjustment to underground living andworking. Three case studies of Japanese projects that use underground spacefor shopping, transportation, and infrastructure explore the entirespectrum of issues surrounding the design, construction, andongoing operation of the facility, including form, function, andefficiency; health, safety, and comfort; legal issues; and specialmanagement and security considerations. Geo-space projects inMontreal and Paris are also examined. Geo-Space Urban Design appeals to a broad range of professionals,all of whom have important roles to play in the creation andoperation of the cities of the future. For urban designers,architects, and civil and architectural engineers, this book offersboth an eye-opening vision and a challenge to create viable spacesthat will revolutionize urban life; landscape architects,geographers, and environmentalists will find opportunities toredefine the relationship between society and the natural world;and psychologists, social scientists, and government officials willdiscover new levels of human adaptability, interaction, andcooperation. In this revolutionary book, two leading figures explain howgeo-space design and construction will enable urban planners tocope with the most difficult challenges posed by the continuedexpansion of metropolitan areas, including * Land preservation--conserving precious agricultural land in theface of rapid urban expansion * High urban land prices--making economical use of limited space inurban centers with soaring property values * Efficient urban scale--shrinking overextended and inefficientutility networks * Response to stressful climate--reducing energy consumption inregions subject to extremes of hot or cold weather The authors explore every facet of geo-space and point out thechallenges and opportunities these projects will hold for urbandesigners, architects, civil engineers, architectural engineers,landscape architects, geographers, environmentalists,psychologists, social scientists, and government officials.

"The city," according to urban design scholar Gideon Golany, is"the largest and most complicated project ever produced byhumankind." In Ethics and Urban Design, he challenges designprofessionals to reexamine their basic assumptions about the urbanenvironment and offers design strategies based on enduring humanvalues. In search of answers to the paradoxical problems of the moderncity, Golany takes the reader through the sweep of humansettlements from the dawn of civilization to the present. Hisauthoritative examination of the genesis of the city is illuminatedby instructive examples of early urban centers. Mesopotamia, theIndus River Valley, the Egyptian cities of the Nile, and thecapital cities of ancient China--all are examined in the light ofwhat made them work as major centers of human activity. What Golany finds in the success stories of the past are cohesivesociocultural values that shaped the design of homes,neighborhoods, and cities. These ethical values helped to maintainan equilibrium within the society that permeated its natural,social, and human-made environments. In the present era,conversely, he finds a major disconnection between human values andthe ethics of technology, which has resulted in confusion,imbalance, and dehumanization. To help designers gain a perspective on possible solutions, Golanyexplains leading comprehensive design strategies, including thevalley theory, the urban border zone concept, and the regionalconcept of Patrick Geddes. In the case study of contemporaryHolland, he details what a small, densely populated country hasbeen able to achieve through design planning rooted inenvironmental ethics. "Future Frontiers for Urban Design," the culminating section ofthis groundbreaking book, opens with Golany's vision of the futurecity. He examines the issues of thermal performance and climate asthey relate to urban design and offers the concept of"geospace"--the earth-enveloped habitat. Buttressing hispresentation with detailed information on the mechanics ofgeospace, Golany describes case studies of the successful use ofearth-enveloped habitats in China and Tunisia. He makes a powerfulargument for the geospace city as a renewal of ancient traditionsthat can restore the vital equilibrium between nature and humansettlements that we seem to have lost. Ethics and Urban Design is a distinguished scholar's analysis andprescription for the city; it offers an abundance of stimulatingideas for the architects, designers, and planners who have assumedresponsibility for its future. Ethics & Urban Design draws on historical examples andcontemporary case studies from around the world to illustrate urbandesign strategies that can help restore equilibrium to the natural,social, and built environments of the city. In this stimulatingbook, urban design scholar Gideon Golany offers architects,designers, and planners both an in-depth analysis of thefundamental issues of urban design and practical options for thedesign of the future city. * Examines the genesis and development of the city from theearliest presettlements to the rise of urban society * Presents urban design strategies based on historical examples ofearly urban centers, including Mesopotamia, the Indus River Valley,Egypt, and China * Offers case studies of environmental success stories from Europe,Asia, and Africa * Details geospace design options--the use of underground space fordiversified land use, housing, and transportation * Fully illustrated, with over 80 photographs, drawings, anddiagrams

This book describes a comprehensive framework of novel simulation approaches, conventional urban models, and related data mining techniques that will help develop planning support systems in Beijing as well as other mega-metropolitan areas. It investigates the relationships between human behaviors and spatial patterns in order to simulate activities in an urban space, visualize planning alternatives, and support decision making. The book first explains urban space using geometric patterns, such as points, networks, and polygons, that help identify patterns of household and individual human behavior. Next, it details how novel simulation methodologies, such as cellular automaton and multi-agent systems, and conventional urban modeling, such as spatial interaction models, can be used to identify an optimal or a simulated solution for a better urban form. The book develops a comprehensive land use and transportation integrated model used to explore the spatial patterns of mutual interaction between human mobility and urban space. This model can help forecast the distribution of different types of households, rent prices, and land prices, as well as the distribution of routes and traffic volume based on an appraisal of labor demand and supply. This book shows how geospatial analysis can be a useful tool for planners and decision makers to help in ascertaining patterns of activities and support urban planning. Offering both novel and conventional approaches to urban modeling, it will appeal to researchers, students, and policy makers looking for the optimal way to plan the d evelopment of a mega-metropolitan area.

A universal approach to the ontology of geographic space has already been, and is going to be, a comprehensive task for establishing more effective spatial models. The concept of a universal spatial ontology should be independent of location, culture, and time. It should be fundamental and universal in the same way that the number p defines the ratio between the diameter and the circumference of a circle. The term “universal” therefore means all-embracing and for general propose. Universal Ontology of Geographic Space: Semantic Enrichment for Spatial Data aims to escalate the current scope of research to support the development of semantically interoperable systems of geographic space. This reference will aid university lecturers and professors, students, researchers, developers of spatial applications.

In recent years, the presence of ubiquitous computing has increasingly integrated into the lives of people in modern society. As these technologies become more pervasive, new opportunities open for making citizens’ environments more comfortable, convenient, and efficient. Enriching Urban Spaces with Ambient Computing, the Internet of Things, and Smart City Design is a pivotal reference source for the latest scholarly material on the interaction between people and computing systems in contemporary society, showcasing how ubiquitous computing influences and shapes urban environments. Highlighting the impacts of these emerging technologies from an interdisciplinary perspective, this book is ideally designed for professionals, researchers, academicians, and practitioners interested in the influential state of pervasive computing within urban contexts.

This book is the fourth volume of the proceedings of the 4th GeoShanghai International Conference that was held on May 27 - 30, 2018. This volume, entitled “Transportation Geotechnics and Pavement Engineering”, represents the recent advances and technologies in transportation geotechnics and pavement engineering. This book covers a wide range of topics, from transportation geotechnics, to geomechanics at various length scales, to pavement materials and structures. The book offers a unique mix of numerical modeling studies, experimental studies, and case studies from industry. It may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the fields of transportation engineering and pavement engineering. Each of the papers included in this book received at least two positive peer reviews. The editors would like to express their sincerest appreciation to all of the anonymous reviewers all over the world, for their diligent work.